Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-5lx2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-28T22:42:50.094Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Problem of Liberty in the thought of Adam Smith

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2009

Edward J. Harpham
Affiliation:
The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Social Sciences, Gr.3.1 Box 830688, Richardson, Texas 75083-0688; harpham@utdallas.edu.

Extract

In this paper I propose to investigate the problem of liberty in Adam Smith's work. Suggesting that there is a “problem” may strike some as strange. After all, is not Smith simply the great defender of the system of natural liberty, a set of economic proposals that would remove the State from the business of directing the economy? Does he not maintain unequivocally that individuals are the best judges of their own self-interest and argue that they should be allowed to commit their labor and capital to those enterprises they deem most useful? Is Smith not one of the great defenders of the concept of negative liberty in modern liberal thought?

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The History of Economics Society 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bailyn, Bernard. 1965. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Benn, S.I. and Weinstein, W. L.. 1971. “Being Free to Act and Being a Free Man.” Mind 80: 194211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berlin, Isaiah. 1969. Two Concepts of Liberty. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Berlin, Isaiah. 1978. Concepts and Categories. London: Hogarth Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Marshall. 1960. “Berlin and the Liberal Tradition.” Philosophical Quarterly 10: 216–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crick, Bernard. 1973. “Freedom as Politics.” In Political Theory & Practice. New York: Basic Books, pp. 3562.Google Scholar
Fink, Z.S. 1962. The Classical Republicans: An Essay in the Recovery of a Pattern of Thought in Seventeenth Century England, 2nd ed.Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.Google Scholar
Fleischacker, Samuel. 1999. A Third Concept of Liberty: Judgement and Freedom in Kant and Adam Smith. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, Milton, with the assistance of Rose D. Friedman. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gray, John. 1980. “On Negative and Positive Liberty.” Political Studies 28 (04): 507–26.Google Scholar
Gray, John. 1995. Isaiah Berlin. London: HarperCollins Publishers.Google Scholar
Griswold, Charles L. 1999. Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Haakonssen, Knud. 1981. The Science of the Legislator: The Natural Jurisprudence of David Hume and Adam Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haakonssen, Knud. 1996. Natural Law and Moral Philosophy: From Grotius to the Scottish Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harpham, Edward J. 1984. “Liberalism, Civic Humanism and the Case of Adam Smith.” American Political Science Review 78 (12): 762–74.Google Scholar
Harpham, Edward J. 1999. “Economics and History: Books II and III of The Wealth of Nations.” History of Political Thought 23 (Autumn): 438–55.Google Scholar
Hume, David. 1770. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution of 1688, 6 vols. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Classics, 1983.Google Scholar
Hume, David. 1777. Essays Moral Political and Literary, revised ed. Edited with a forward, notes, and glossary by Miller, Eugene F.. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Classics, 1987.Google Scholar
Ignatieff, Michael. 1986. The Needs of Strangers: An Essay on Privacy, Solidarity and the Politics of Being Human. Harmondworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Ignatieff, Michael. 1995. “The Myth of Citizenship.” In Beiner, Ronald, ed., Theorizing Citizenship. Albany: State University of New York Press, pp. 5377.Google Scholar
Isaac, Jeffrey. 1988. “Republicanism vs. Liberalism: A Reconsideration.” History of Political Thought IX: 349–78.Google Scholar
MacCallum, G.C. Jr. 1967. “Negative and Positive Liberty.” Philosophical Review 76: 312–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, Douglass C. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pettit, Philip. 1993a. “Negative Liberty, Liberal and Republican.” European Journal of Philosophy 1: 1538.Google Scholar
Pettit, Philip. 1993b “Liberalism and Republicanism.” Australasian Journal of Political Science 29: 162–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pettit, Philip. 1997. Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pocock, J.G.A. 1975. The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Pocock, J.G.A. 1995. “The Ideal of Citizenship Since Classical Times.” In Beiner, Ronald, ed., Theorizing Citizenship. Albany: State University of New York Press, pp. 2952.Google Scholar
Robbins, Caroline. 1959. The Eighteenth-Century Commonwealthmen: Studies on the Transmissions, Development and Circumstance of English Liberal Thought from the Restoration of Charles II Until the War With the Thirteen Colonies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, Quentin. 1998. Liberty Before Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1759. The Theory of Moral Sentiments, edited by Macfie, A. L. and Raphael, D. D.. Indianapolis: Liberty Classics, 1982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1776. An Inquiry into the Nature and the Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 2 vols., edited by Campbell, R. H. and Skinner, A. S.. Textual editor W.B. Todd. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Classics, 1976.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1978. Lectures on Jurisprudence, edited by Meek, R. L., Raphael, D. D., and Stein, P. G.. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles. 1979. “What's Wrong with Negative Liberty.” In Ryan, Alan, ed., The Idea of Freedom: Essays in Honour of Isaiah Berlin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 175–93.Google Scholar
Winch, Donald. 1978. Adam Smith's Politics: An Essay In Historiographic Revision. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Winch, Donald. 1988. “Adam Smith and the Liberal Tradition.” In Traditions of Liberalism. St. Leonards, Australia: Center for Independent Studies, pp. 83106.Google Scholar