Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-24hb2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-19T10:13:56.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Crinoids from the Muldraugh Member of the Borden Formation in north-central Kentucky (Echinodermata, Lower Mississippian)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

William I. Ausich
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, 125 South Oval Mall, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
Alan Goldstein
Affiliation:
1607 Washington Blvd., Louisville, Kentucky 40242-3539
Ron Yates
Affiliation:
2321 Strotman, Louisville, Kentucky 40216

Abstract

A new late Osagean (Lower Mississippian) crinoid fauna is described from the Muldraugh Member of the Borden Formation of central Kentucky. The Muldraugh Member records a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic tempestite-dominated ramp environment. This is the first report of late Osagean crinoids from this depositional setting on the eastern side of the Eastern Interior Basin of the midcontinental United States. The Muldraugh crinoid fauna contains 66 species and is dominated by advanced cladids. This fauna has similarities to other late Osagean faunas but is distinctive both in species abundance and rank order abundance of species. Eight new species are described from this fauna, including Camptocrinus nudus, Paradichocrinus ramus, Poteriocrinites horowitzi, Parascytalocrinus pentagonus, Abrotocrinus debrae, Abrotocrinus springeri, Worthenocrinus hardinensis, and Mespilocrinus myllos.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ausich, W. I. 1980. A model for niche differentiation in Lower Mississippian crinoid communities. Journal of Paleontology, 54:273288.Google Scholar
Ausich, W. I. 1998. Early phylogeny and subclass division of the Crinoidea (phylum Echinodermata). Journal of Paleontology, 72:499510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Kammer, T. W. 1990. Systematics and phylogeny of the late Osagean and Meramecian crinoids Platycrinites and Eucladocrinus from the Mississippian stratotype region. Journal of Paleontology, 64:759778.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Kammer, T. W. 1991. Late Osagean and Meramecian crinoids Actinocrinites (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from the Mississippian stratotype region. Journal of Paleontology, 65:485499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Kammer, T. W. 1992. Dizygocrinus: Mississippian camerate crinoid (Echinodermata) from the midcontinental United States. Journal of Paleontology, 66:637658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Lane, N. G. 1982. Crinoids from the Edwardsville Formation (Lower Mississippian) of Indiana. Journal of Paleontology, 56:13431361.Google Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Meyer, D. L. 1988. Blastoids from the late Osagean Fort Payne Formation (Kentucky and Tennessee). Journal of Paleontology, 62:269283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Meyer, D. L. 1990. Origin and composition of carbonate buildups and associated facies in the Fort Payne Formation (Lower Mississippian, south-central Kentucky): An integrated sedimentologic and paleontologic approach. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 102:129146.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Sevastopulo, G. D. 1993. Poteriocrinites impressus (Phillips, 1836). Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 67:299303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., and Sevastopulo, G. D. 1994. Taphonomy of Lower Carboniferous crinoids from the Hook Head Formation, Co. Wexford, Ireland. Lethaia, 27:245256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., Kammer, T. W., and Baumiller, T. K. 1994. Demise of the Middle Paleozoic crinoid fauna: A single extinction event or rapid faunal turnover?. Paleobiology, 20:345361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ausich, W. I., Kammer, T. W., and Lane, N. G. 1979. Fossil communities of the Borden (Mississippian) delta in Indiana and northern Kentucky. Journal of Paleontology, 53:11821196.Google Scholar
Ausich, W. I., Meyer, D. L., and Waters, J. A. 1988. Middle Mississippian blastoid extinction event. Science, 240:796798.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Austin, T. Sr., and Austin, T. Jr. 1842. Proposed Arrangement of the Echinodermata, Particularly as Regards the Crinoidea and a Subdivision of the Class Adelostella (Echinidae). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 10:106113.Google Scholar
Bassler, R. S., and Moodey, M. W. 1943. Bibliographic and faunal index of Paleozoic pelmatozoan echinoderms. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 45, 734 p.Google Scholar
Broadhead, T. W. 1981. Carboniferous camerate crinoid subfamily Dichocrininae. Palaeontographica Abt. A, 176:81157.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1918. Phylogenie und System der Pelmatozoen. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 3:1128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W. 1984. Crinoids from the New Providence Shale Member of the Borden Formation (Mississippian) in Kentucky and Indiana. Journal of Paleontology, 58:115130.Google Scholar
Kammer, T. W., and Ausich, W. I. 1987. Aerosol suspension feeding and current veolocities: Distributional controls for late Osagean crinoids. Paleobiology, 13:379395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W., and Ausich, W. I. 1992. Advanced cladid crinoids from the middle Mississippian of the east-central United States: Primitive-grade calyces. Journal of Paleontology, 66:461480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W., and Ausich, W. I. 1993. Advanced cladid crinoids from the middle Mississippian of the east-central United States: Intermediate-grade calyces. Journal of Paleontology, 67:614639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W., and Ausich, W. I. 1994. Advanced cladid crinoids from the middle Mississippian of the east-central United States: Advanced-grade calyces. Journal of Paleontology, 68:339351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W., Baumiller, T. K., and Ausich, W. I. 1997. Species longevity as a function of nice breadth: Evidence from fossil record. Geology, 25:219222.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammer, T. W., Baumiller, T. K., and Ausich, W. I. 1998. Evolutionary significance of differential species longevities in Osagean-Mera-mecian (Mississippian) crinoid clades. Paleobiology, 24:155176.Google Scholar
Kammer, T. W., Brenkle, P. L., Carter, J. L., and Ausich, W. I. 1990. Redefinition of the Osagean-Meramecian boundary in the Mississippian stratotype region. Palaios, 4:414431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kepferle, R. C. 1966. Geologic map of the Howardstown quadrangle, central Kentucky. U.S. Geological Survey Geological Quadrangle Map, GQ-505.Google Scholar
Koninck, L. G. De, and Le Hon, H. 1854. Recherches sur les Crinoides du Terrain Carbonifère de la Belgique. Académie Royale de Belgique Mémoires, 38:1214.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G. 1973. Paleontology and paleoecology of the Crawfordsville fossil site (upper Osagean: Indiana). University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 99, 141 p.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G., and Howell, R. M. 1986. Unusual crinoids from the Ramp Creek Formation (Mississippian), Indian Creek, Montgomery County, Indiana. Journal of Paleontology, 60:898903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, R. Q. Jr., and Potter, P. E. 1978. Surface rocks in the western Lake Cumberland area, Clinton, Russell, and Wayne Counties, Kentucky. Geological Society of Kentucky and Kentucky Geological Survey, Annual Field Conference, 41 p.Google Scholar
Meyer, D. L., and Ausich, W. I. 1992. Fort Payne carbonate facies (Mississippian) of south-central Kentucky. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Miscellaneous Report, 4, 20 p.Google Scholar
Meyer, D. L., and Ausich, W. I. 1997. Morphologic variation within and between populations of the camerate crinoid Agaricocrinus (Lower Mississippian, Kentucky and Tennessee): Breaking the spell of the mushroom. Journal of Paleontology, 71:896917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, D. L., Ausich, W. I., and Terry, R. E. 1990. Comparative taphonomy of echinoderms in carbonate facies: Fort Payne Formation (Lower Mississippian) of Kentucky and Tennessee. Palaios, 4:533552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J. S. 1821. A Natural History of the Crinoidea or Lily-shaped Animals, with Observations on the Genera Asteria, Euryale, Comatula and Marsupites . Bryan & Co., Bristol, 150 p.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A. 1889. The structure, classification, arrangement of American Paleozoic crinoids into families. Indiana Department of Geology and Natural History Report, 16:302326.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A., and Gurley, W. F. E. 1890. Descriptions of Some New Genera and Species of Echinodermata. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, 8:159.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Laudon, L. R. 1943. Evolution and Classification of Paleozoic Crinoids. Geological Society of America Special Papers, 46, 153 p.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Strimple, H. L. 1973. Lower Pennsylvnian (Morrowan) crinoids from Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Article, 60, 84 p.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Teichert, C. (eds.). 1978. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata, 2, vol. 2. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 1027 p.Google Scholar
Nicoll, R. S., and Rexroad, C. B. 1975. Stratigraphy and conodont paleontology of the Sanders Group (Mississippian) in Indiana and adjacent Kentucky. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin, 51, 36 p.Google Scholar
Parsons, K. M., Brett, C. B., and Miller, K. B. 1988. Taphonomy and depositional dynamics of Devonian shell-rich mudstones. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 63:109141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, W. L., and Kepferle, R. C. 1970. Deltaic deposits of the Borden Formation in central Kentucky. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 700–D:4954Google Scholar
Sable, E. G., and Dever, G. R. Jr. 1990. Mississippian rocks in Kentucky. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1503, 125 p.Google Scholar
Simms, M. J., and Sevastopulo, G. D. 1993. The origin of the articulate crinoids. Palaeontology, 36:91109.Google Scholar
Springer, F. 1913. Crinoidea, p.173243. In Zittel-Eastman, , Text-book of Palaeontology, 2nd ed., McMillan and Co., London.Google Scholar
Springer, F. 1926. American Silurian crinoids. Smithsonian Institution Publication, 2871, 239 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1961. Late Desmoinesian crinoid faunule from Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, 93, 189 p.Google Scholar
Van Sant, J. F., and Lane, N. G. 1964. Crawfordsville (Indiana) crinoid studies. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Article, 7, 136 p.Google Scholar
Ubachs, G. 1978. Skeletal morphology of fossil crinoids, p.T58T216. In Moore, R. C. and Teichert, C., (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata, 2, vol. 2. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Wachsmuth, C., and Springer, F. 1879-1886. Revision of the Palaeo-crinoidea: j, pt. 1, 1879:266378 (1–153); pt. 2, 1881:177–411 (1–237); pt. 3 (i), 1885: 225–364 (1–138); pt. 3 (ii), 1886:64–226 (139–334).Google Scholar
Wachsmuth, C., and Springer, F. 1897. North American Crinoidea Camerata. Mem. Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard Memoirs, 20 and 21, 833 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zittel, K. A. Von. 1895. Grundzüge der Palaeontologie (Palaeozoologie), 1st Edition. R. Oldenbourge, Munich, 971 p.Google Scholar