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Systematic review about the screening of cannabis use during pregnancy and neonates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

A. Gonzalez-Mota ,
M. Covacho-Gonzalez ,
I. Valriberas-Herrero ,
C. Roncero  and
J. De La Iglesia-Larrad
A. Gonzalez-Mota*
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex. Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
M. Covacho-Gonzalez
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex. Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
I. Valriberas-Herrero
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex. Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
C. Roncero
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex. Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
J. De La Iglesia-Larrad
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex. Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Cannabis use in pregnancy is related to developmental and mental disorders. The acknowledgement of prenatal exposure frequently depends on the mother’s report, which can often be omitted. There exists little bibliography of the different methods to detect the use of cannabis during pregnancy, with no standardized screening available.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to review the available bibliography about screening of cannabis use during pregnancy and neonates and to analyze the different methods of prenatal screening being used in clinical practice.

Methods

A systematic review of the methods of screening of cannabis use during pregnancy and neonates was carried out in PubMed (July 2020) in English, French and Spanish(10 years) with the keywords: screening, test, detection, analysis, urine, blood, hair, meconium.107 studies were analyzed: 52 included and 55 excluded (Figure 1.).

Results

The studies analyzed stand out for its large heterogeneity. Self-report of pregnant women, meconium and maternal urine analysis are used the most. The type of analysis technique is not reported or chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and enzyme-linked inmunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) is used(Figure 2.). Urine seems to be the most accurate method for maternal testing. Neonatal meconium and umbilical cord tissue indicates fetal exposure during second and third trimester, neonatal hair third trimester exposure and maternal serum and hair can also be used (Figure 3.).

Conclusions

Nowadays, the available bibliography is heterogeneous and lacks information. Consequentially, further investigation needs to be carried out in order as to establish standardized prenatal screening of cannabis during pregnancy to draw more comparable and precise conclusions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

neonatesScreeningCannabispregnancy
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S825
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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