Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T16:21:06.213Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prospects for the classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2008

M.H. Schmidt  and
J. Sinzig
M.H. Schmidt*
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
J. Sinzig
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University at Cologne, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: Martin.Schmidt@zi-mannheim.de (M.H. Schmidt).
Get access

Abstract

Suggestions for classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents in DSM-V and ICD-11 have been made, which differ strongly from the current descriptive approach of dimensional classification.

These suggestions even comprise a dichotomized system for health care as well as for scientific purposes.

Nevertheless it is obvious that we are far behind an “etiological” classification, so that trade-offs have necessarily to be made in DSM-V and ICD-11.

Appropriate proposals concern the strict separation of disorders that are typical for children and adolescents as well as for adults.

Furthermore a differentiation of diagnosis for infants, toddlers and preschool children is required in both classification systems. As far as it is relevant for treatment, combined diagnosis in DSM-V and subthreshold diagnosis as well as coding-possibilities for findings in molecular biology should be permitted.

As personality disorders should only be diagnosed after the age of 16, it is recommended to dimensionally classify personality traits that are pathognomonic for specific symptom patterns and of prognostic relevance.

DSM-V and ICD-11 should allow age-specific information on axis-IV. The article discusses the general question of how relational disorders respectively disturbances should be classified and include furthermore special recommendations concerning ICD and DSM categories.

Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 23 , Issue 7 , October 2008 , pp. 481 - 485
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Angold, A.Costello, E.J.Farmer, E.M.Z.Burns, B.J.Erkanli, A.Impaired but undiagnosed J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 38 1999 129–137CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aguilar, B.Sroufe, L.A.Egeland, B.Carlson, E.Distinguishing the early-onset/persistent and adolescence-onset antisocial behaviour types: from birth to 16 years Dev Psychopathol. 12 2000 109–132CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beach, S.R.H.Wamboldt, M.Z.Kaslow, N.J.Heyman, R.E.First, M.B.Relational processes and DSM-VNeuroscience, assessment, prevention and treatment 2006 American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Arlington VA 123–137Google Scholar
Biederman, J.Faraone, S.V.Milberger, S.Jetton, J.G.Chen, L.Mick, E.et al.Is childhood oppositional defiant disorder a precursor to adolescent conduct disorder? Findings from a four-year follow-up study of children with ADHD J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 35 1996 1193–1204CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buitelaar, J.K.van der Gaag, R.J.Diagnostic rules for children with PDD-NOS and multiple complex developmental disorder J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 39 1998 911–919Google ScholarPubMed
Clarke, G.N.Hawkins, W.Murphy, M.Sheeber, L.B.Lewinsohn, P.M.Seeley, J.R.Targeted prevention of unipolar depressive disorders in an at-risk sample of high school adolescents: a randomized trial of a group cognitive intervention J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 34 1995 312–321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, G.N.Hornbrook, M.C.Lynch, F.L.Polen, M.R.Gale, J.Beardslee, W.et al.A randomized trial of a group cognitive intervention for preventing depression in adolescent offspring of depressed parents Arch Gen Psychiatry. 58 2001 1127–1134CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
von Gontard, A.Hollmann, E.Benden, B.Eiberg, H.Rittig, S.Lehmkuhl, G.Clinical enuresis phenotypes in familial nocturnal enuresis Scand J Urol Nephrol. 31 Suppl. 183 1997 11–16Google Scholar
von Gontard, A.Lettgen, B.Gaebel, E.Heiken-Löwenau, C.Schmitz, I.Olbing, H.Day wetting children with urge incontinence and voiding postponement – a comparison of a pediatric and child psychiatric sample – behavioural factors Br J Urol. 81 Suppl. 3 1998 100–106CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, S.H.Gotlib, I.H.Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: a developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission Psychol Rev. 106 1999 458–490CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jensen, P.S.Knapp, P.Mrazek, D.A.Toward a new diagnostic system for child psychopathology. Moving beyond the DSM 2006 The Guilford Press New York, LondonGoogle Scholar
Jensen, P.S.Mrazek, D.A.Research and clinical perspectives in defining and assessing mental disorders in children and adolescentsMoving beyond the DSM 2006 The Guilford Press New York, LondonGoogle Scholar
Keenan, K.Wakschlag, L.S.Danis, B.Hill, C.Humphries, M.Duax, J.et al.Further evidence of the reliability and validity of DSM-IV ODD and CD in preschool children J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 46 2007 457CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knapp, P.Jensen, P.S.Recommendations for DSM-VMoving beyond the DSM 2006 The Guilford Press New York, LondonGoogle Scholar
Kupfer, J.First, M.B.Regier, D.A.A research agenda for DSM-V 2002 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DCGoogle Scholar
Poustka, F.van Goor-Lambo, G.Fallbuch Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie. Erfassung und Bewertung belastender Lebensumstände von Kindern nach Kapitel V (F) der ICD-10 2000 Verlag Hans Huber BernGoogle Scholar
Tyrer, P.Classification of neurosis 1989 John Wiley ChichesterGoogle Scholar
Wolraich, M.L.Felice, M.E.Drotar, D.The classification of child and adolescent mental diagnoses in primary care, diagnostic and statistical manual for primary care (DSM-PC) child and adolescent version. 1996 American Academy of Pediatrics Elk Grove Village, ILGoogle Scholar
Zero to Three Diagnostic classification: 0–3. Diagnostic classification of mental health and developmental disorders of infancy and early childhood Revised edition (DC:0-3R) 2005 Zero to Three Press Washington, DCGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.