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La politique du salaire minimum : le rôle des partis politiques dans les pays de l'OCDE (1960–2014)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2019

Dominic Durocher
Dominic Durocher*
Affiliation:
École d’études politiques, Université d'Ottawa, Pavillon des Sciences sociales, 120 Université, Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, (Ontario), K1N6N5, Courriel: dduro064@uottawa.ca
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Résumé

L'enjeu politique de la fixation du salaire minimum a été relativement peu étudié en science politique. Dans cet article, nous examinons le rôle des partis politiques de gauche sur la fixation du salaire minimum. Comme prédit par la théorie des ressources du pouvoir, les partis de gauche devraient encourager l'augmentation du salaire minimum. Nous postulons toutefois que cet effet diffère selon le niveau de corporatisme. Plus particulièrement, nous pensons que l'effet des partis politiques de gauche devrait être plus faible sous des niveaux de corporatisme élevés puisque les partenaires sociaux sont davantage consultés et que les gouvernements ont tendance à leur déléguer la régulation des salaires. Nos résultats confirment ces hypothèses. Ils indiquent que le salaire minimum tend à augmenter lorsque les gouvernements sont davantage à gauche idéologiquement et que cette relation est plus forte lorsque le degré de corporatisme est faible.

Abstract

The political issue of setting the minimum wage rate has been relatively little studied in political science. In this article, we analyze the influence of left-wing political parties on minimum wage rates. As predicted by power resource theory, the presence of left-wing parties in government should result in higher minimum wage rates. However, we postulate that the effect of left-wing parties is influenced by the degree of corporatism. More specifically, we find that the effect of left-wing parties is lower when corporatism is strong, because governments tend to consult social partners more and allow them to handle wage regulation. Our results confirm these hypotheses. They indicate that minimum wage rates tend to increase when governments are more left-wing and that this relation is stronger when corporatism is weak.

Keywords

salaire minimumparti politiquecorporatismeredistributionminimum wagepolitical partycorporatismredistribution
Type
Research Article/Étude originale
Information
Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , June 2019 , pp. 229 - 245
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Political Science Association (l'Association canadienne de science politique) and/et la Société québécoise de science politique 2019 

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