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Anthropometric trajectory in the course of life and occurrence of sarcopenia in men and women: results from the ELSA-Brasil cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2022

Clarice Alves Santos Open the ORCID record for Clarice Alves Santos [Opens in a new window] ,
Helena Fraga-Maia ,
Francisco José Gondim Pitanga ,
Maria da Conceição Chagas Almeida ,
Maria de Jesus Mendes Fonseca ,
Estela Mota Leão Aquino ,
Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso ,
Sandhi Maria Barreto ,
Bruce Duncan  and
Maria Inês Schmidt
...Show all authors
Clarice Alves Santos*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, State University of the Southwest of Bahia, Jequié, BA 45208-091, Brazil
Helena Fraga-Maia
Affiliation:
State University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
Francisco José Gondim Pitanga
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
Maria da Conceição Chagas Almeida
Affiliation:
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
Maria de Jesus Mendes Fonseca
Affiliation:
National School of Public Health – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Estela Mota Leão Aquino
Affiliation:
Institute for Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso
Affiliation:
National School of Public Health – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Sandhi Maria Barreto
Affiliation:
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Bruce Duncan
Affiliation:
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Maria Inês Schmidt
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Sheila Maria Alvim Matos
Affiliation:
Institute for Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Dr C. A. Santos, email casantos@uesb.edu.br
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Abstract

This study aimed to identify patterns of anthropometric trajectories throughout life and to analyse their association with the occurrence of sarcopenia in people from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). It is a cross-sectional study involving 9670 public servants, aged 38–79 years, who answered the call for new data collection and exams, conducted approximately 4 years after the study baseline (2012–2014). Data sequence analysis was used to identify patterns of anthropometric trajectory. A theoretical model was elaborated based on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) to select the variables of minimum adjustment in the analysis of the causal effect between trajectory and sarcopenia. Poisson regression with robust variance was adopted for data analysis. The patterns of change in the anthropometric trajectory were classified in stable weight (T1); change to normal weight (T2); change to excess weight (T3); weight fluctuation (T4) and change to low weight (T5). The prevalence of sarcopenia in men and women who changed the anthropometric path for the low weight was twice as large when compared to participants with a stable weight trajectory. A protective effect of the excess weight trajectory was observed for the occurrence of sarcopenia in them. The results pointed to the need for health policies that encourage the proper management of body components in order to prevent and control obesity, as well as to preserve the quantity and quality of skeletal muscle mass throughout life, especially in older adults.

Keywords

SarcopeniaAgeingChronic diseasesBMI
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 4 , 28 August 2023 , pp. 575 - 587
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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