This chapter discusses how one might follow up on our present remarkable, and surprising, confirmation to high precision of what has become known as the Standard Model of cosmology. This model is purely phenomenological and establishes a robust framework around which a number of fundamental issues remain unresolved. To make further progress, what is our optimal choice of future strategy? How do we approach accuracy, as opposed to precision? With finite resources, how do we prioritize between pursuing the nature of the dark matter or the possible evolution of dark energy or how the universe began, in the limited context of being able to falsify inflationary cosmology?