Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Part I Methodology
- Part II The physiology of grasping
- 10 The study of hand movements during grasping. A historical perspective
- 11 Sensory control of object manipulation
- 12 Predictive mechanisms and object representations used in object manipulation
- 13 The neurohaptic control of the hand
- 14 Points for precision grip
- 15 Two hands in object-oriented action
- 16 Dynamic grasp control during gait
- 17 Development of grasping and object manipulation
- 18 The effects of aging on sensorimotor control of the hand
- Part III The pathophysiology of grasping
- Part IV Therapy of impaired grasping
- Index
- Plate section
- References
12 - Predictive mechanisms and object representations used in object manipulation
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 December 2009
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Part I Methodology
- Part II The physiology of grasping
- 10 The study of hand movements during grasping. A historical perspective
- 11 Sensory control of object manipulation
- 12 Predictive mechanisms and object representations used in object manipulation
- 13 The neurohaptic control of the hand
- 14 Points for precision grip
- 15 Two hands in object-oriented action
- 16 Dynamic grasp control during gait
- 17 Development of grasping and object manipulation
- 18 The effects of aging on sensorimotor control of the hand
- Part III The pathophysiology of grasping
- Part IV Therapy of impaired grasping
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Summary
Skilled object manipulation requires the ability to estimate, in advance, the motor commands needed to achieve desired sensory outcomes and the ability to predict the sensory consequences of the motor commands. Because the mapping between motor commands and sensory outcomes depends on the physical properties of grasped objects, the motor system may store and access internal models of objects in order to estimate motor commands and predict sensory consequences. In this chapter, we outline evidence for internal models and discuss their role in object manipulation tasks. We also consider the relationship between internal models of objects employed by the sensorimotor system and representations of the same objects used by the perceptual system to make judgements about objects.
Introduction
Although we have designed computers that can beat grand masters at chess, we have yet to design robots that can manipulate chess pieces with anything like the dexterity of a 5-year-old child. What makes humans so good at object manipulation in comparison to robots? There is no question that the anatomy of the human hand is well adapted for manipulation. On the sensory side, the hand is richly endowed with tactile sensors that provide exquisitely precise information about mechanical interactions between the skin and objects. On the motor side, the numerous kinematic degrees of freedom of the hand enable it to grasp objects of all shapes and sizes.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Sensorimotor Control of GraspingPhysiology and Pathophysiology, pp. 161 - 177Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009
References
- 10
- Cited by