Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Introduction
- Part I The rod of the Lord: ideology and the outbreak of the First Anglo-Dutch War
- Part II To unite against the common enemy: the 1654 Treaty of Westminster and the end of apocalyptic foreign policy
- Part III Popery, trade, and universal monarchy: ideology and the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Dutch War
- 11 Historiographical overview
- 12 The establishment of an Orangist foreign policy
- 13 The Anglo-Dutch treaty of 1662
- 14 The Northern Rebellion and the reestablishment of Anglican Royalist consensus
- 15 The April 1664 trade resolution
- 16 Popery, trade, and universal monarchy
- Part IV The Medway, Breda, and the Triple Alliance: the collapse of Anglican Royalist Foreign Policy
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Titles in the series
16 - Popery, trade, and universal monarchy
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 October 2009
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Introduction
- Part I The rod of the Lord: ideology and the outbreak of the First Anglo-Dutch War
- Part II To unite against the common enemy: the 1654 Treaty of Westminster and the end of apocalyptic foreign policy
- Part III Popery, trade, and universal monarchy: ideology and the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Dutch War
- 11 Historiographical overview
- 12 The establishment of an Orangist foreign policy
- 13 The Anglo-Dutch treaty of 1662
- 14 The Northern Rebellion and the reestablishment of Anglican Royalist consensus
- 15 The April 1664 trade resolution
- 16 Popery, trade, and universal monarchy
- Part IV The Medway, Breda, and the Triple Alliance: the collapse of Anglican Royalist Foreign Policy
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Titles in the series
Summary
Why did Anglican Royalists feel that the Dutch were the economic enemy? Why, in short, should the battle against republicanism and irreligion be conducted in economic terms? The answer to these questions lies in the way Restoration Englishmen understood the workings of European politics, an understanding conceived in terms of the idiom of universal monarchy.
The English in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries had feared and loathed the King of Spain and the House of Habsburg not just because they were the current enemies, but because they pretended to a universal monarchy of all the known world. The vast territories inherited by Charles V made it possible for the first time since Charlemagne for a secular prince to reclaim the imperium of Rome. In English and Protestant eyes the foreign, indeed the imperial, policy of Charles V and his son Philip II was a necessary adjunct to their alliance with the Antichristian Church of Rome. “Popish and Spanish invisible arts and counsels,” argued Fulke Greville in his famous Life of Sidney, aimed “to undermine the greatness and freedom both of secular and ecclesiastical princes … and by their insensible fall, a raising up of the House of Austria many steps toward her long-affected Monarchy over the West.” Spain's goal, opined Lord Burghley in 1590, was “to be lord and commander of all Christendom, jointly with the Pope and with no other associate.” “By fraud, policy, treason, intestine divisions and wars,” recalled the author of Philanax Protestant, “the Pope and Spaniard too” tried to reduce all Protestant princes and realms to “their long prosecuted universal monarchy.”
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- Information
- Protestantism and PatriotismIdeologies and the Making of English Foreign Policy, 1650–1668, pp. 256 - 268Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1996