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4 - Rules of Ideology and Policy

From Ba’athism to the Liberal Age

from II - Human–Environmental–Climate Security (HECS)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2020

Marwa Daoudy
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Washington DC
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Summary

Chapter 4 analyzes the political dimension of the HECS framework in the context of Syria, contending that ideology played a key role in creating Syria’s vulnerabilities in the lead-up to the uprising. The chapter focuses on two key ideologies – Ba’athism in the 1970s and neoliberalism in the early 2000s – and their economic and agricultural policies. The Ba’athist regime under Hafez al-Assad effectively securitized food production to justify agricultural reforms designed to maintain the support of rural agrarian constitutiencies. The author shows that these Ba’athist policies, which included intensive irrigation, food and fuel subsidies, and large-scale hydroprojects, led to unsustainable water and agricultural practices and poor governance. Finally, the chapter examines the liberalizing reforms under Bashar al-Assad, which culminated in a 2005 shift to a social market economy, and concludes that they increased the vulnerability.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Origins of the Syrian Conflict
Climate Change and Human Security
, pp. 103 - 149
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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  • Rules of Ideology and Policy
  • Marwa Daoudy, Georgetown University, Washington DC
  • Book: The Origins of the Syrian Conflict
  • Online publication: 05 March 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108567053.004
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  • Rules of Ideology and Policy
  • Marwa Daoudy, Georgetown University, Washington DC
  • Book: The Origins of the Syrian Conflict
  • Online publication: 05 March 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108567053.004
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Rules of Ideology and Policy
  • Marwa Daoudy, Georgetown University, Washington DC
  • Book: The Origins of the Syrian Conflict
  • Online publication: 05 March 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108567053.004
Available formats
×