Britten's relentless schedule of writing and performing began to take its toll on his health. Towards the end of 1953 he received confirmation that an aching, burning sensation in his right shoulder that had plagued him for several months was bursitis. The ailment, he wrote to E.M. Forster, prompted his doctors to forbid him using the arm, which brought a temporary halt to performance and composition. Work on the new chamber opera, The Turn of the Screw, was delayed until 30 March 1954, leaving him little more than five months to complete it in time for the premiere in Venice, scheduled for the following September.

There is a pause in the correspondence when Britten and Pears embark together on a lengthy international tour towards the end of 1955. Beginning in Holland, they travelled across the continent to Istanbul, then flew to India and on to Malaysia, Indonesia, China and Japan. The trip included concert engagements in Europe in October and November, and Japan (one of which was recorded by NHK Television, their television debut) in February 1956. Although the trip was intended partly as a holiday, an enforced rest for Britten, the unfamiliar, exotic cultures he experienced proved to be a rich source of inspiration for him. Both musicians were captivated by traditional Japanese theatre, especially the Noh drama Sumidagawa that eventually became a model for Curlew River, the first of the three Church Parables. The most immediate legacy, however, arose from a visit to Bali, where Britten's experience of the gamelan led him to incorporate its percussive sounds and rich, alien sonorities into his latest project, the ballet The Prince of the Pagodas. With a scenario and choreography by John Cranko, the work was finally premiered at the Royal Opera House on New Year's Day, 1957. Later that year the singing of East Anglian schoolchildren inspired him to adapt the medieval Chester Miracle Play for a new type of opera, Noye's Fludde. Composed primarily as a work for community performance, it was premiered at the 1958 Aldeburgh Festival by a combination of schoolchildren and professional musicians. Britten was also inspired by the artistry of fellow musicians, for example in 1954 he composed Canticle III: Still Falls the Rain, for himself and Pears to perform with virtuoso horn player Dennis Brain, to verses by Edith Sitwell.