Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Part I Fundamentals of Compilation
- Part II Advanced Topics
- 13 Garbage Collection
- 14 Object-Oriented Languages
- 15 Functional Programming Languages
- 16 Polymorphic Types
- 17 Dataflow Analysis
- 18 Loop Optimizations
- 19 Static Single-Assignment Form
- 20 Pipelining and Scheduling
- 21 The Memory Hierarchy
- Appendix: Tiger Language Reference Manual
- Bibliography
- Index
21 - The Memory Hierarchy
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Part I Fundamentals of Compilation
- Part II Advanced Topics
- 13 Garbage Collection
- 14 Object-Oriented Languages
- 15 Functional Programming Languages
- 16 Polymorphic Types
- 17 Dataflow Analysis
- 18 Loop Optimizations
- 19 Static Single-Assignment Form
- 20 Pipelining and Scheduling
- 21 The Memory Hierarchy
- Appendix: Tiger Language Reference Manual
- Bibliography
- Index
Summary
mem-o-ry: a device in which information can be inserted and stored and from which it may be extracted when wanted
hi-er-ar-chy: a graded or ranked series
Webster's DictionaryAn idealized random access memory (RAM) has N words indexed by integers such that any word can be fetched or stored – using its integer address – equally quickly. Hardware designers can make a big slow memory, or a small fast memory, but a big fast memory is prohibitively expensive. Also, one thing that speeds up access to memory is its nearness to the processor, and a big memory must have some parts far from the processor no matter how much money might be thrown at the problem.
Almost as good as a big fast memory is the combination of a small fast cache memory and a big slow main memory; the program keeps its frequently used data in cache and the rarely used data in main memory, and when it enters a phase in which datum x will be frequently used it may move x from the slow memory to the fast memory.
It's inconvenient for the programmer to manage multiple memories, so the hardware does it automatically. Whenever the processor wants the datum at address x, it looks first in the cache, and – we hope – usually finds it there.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Modern Compiler Implementation in ML , pp. 492 - 511Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1997