Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
- CHAPTER II RECENT PERIOD—DANISH PEAT AND SHELL MOUNDS—SWISS LAKE DWELLINGS
- CHAPTER III FOSSIL HUMAN REMAINS AND WORKS OF ART OF THE RECENT PERIOD
- CHAPTER IV POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD: BONES OF MAN AND EXTINCT MAMMALIA IN BELGIAN CAVERNS
- CHAPTER V POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD: FOSSIL HUMAN SKULLS OF THE NEANDERTHAL AND ENGIS CAVES
- CHAPTER VI POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM AND CAVE DEPOSITS WITH FLINT IMPLEMENTS
- CHAPTER VII PEAT AND POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM OF THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME
- CHAPTER VIII POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM WITH FLINT IMPLEMENTS OF THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME—concluded
- CHAPTER IX WORKS OF ART IN POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM OF FRANCE AND ENGLAND
- CHAPTER X CAVERN DEPOSITS, AND PLACE OF SEPULTURE OF THE POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD
- CHAPTER XI AGE OF HUMAN FOSSILS OF LE PUY IN CENTRAL FRANCE AND OF NATCHEZ ON THE MISSISSIPPI, DISCUSSED
- CHAPTER XII ANTIQUITY OF MAN RELATIVELY TO THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND TO THE EXISTING FAUNA AND FLORA
- CHAPTER XIII CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN EUROPE
- CHAPTER XIV CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN EUROPE—continued
- CHAPTER XV EXTINCT GLACIERS OF THE ALPS AND THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO THE HUMAN PERIOD
- CHAPTER XVI HUMAN REMAINS IN THE LOESS, AND THEIR PROBABLE AGE
- CHAPTER XVII POST-GLACIAL DISLOCATIONS AND FOLDINGS OF CRETACEOUS AND DRIFT STRATA IN THE ISLAND OF MÖEN, IN DENMARK
- CHAPTER XVIII THE GLACIAL PERIOD IN NORTH AMERICA
- CHAPTER XIX RECAPITULATION OF GEOLOGICAL PROOFS OF MAN'S ANTIQUITY
- CHAPTER XX THEORIES OF PROGRESSION AND TRANSMUTATION
- CHAPTER XXI ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY VARIATION AND NATURAL SELECTION
- CHAPTER XXII OBJECTIONS TO THE HYPOTHESIS OF TRANSMUTATION CONSIDERED
- CHAPTER XXIII ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGES AND SPECIES COMPARED
- CHAPTER XXIV BEARING OF THE DOCTRINE OF TRANSMUTATION ON THE ORIGIN OF MAN, AND HIS PLACE IN THE CREATION
- INDEX
CHAPTER XXIII - ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGES AND SPECIES COMPARED
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
- CHAPTER II RECENT PERIOD—DANISH PEAT AND SHELL MOUNDS—SWISS LAKE DWELLINGS
- CHAPTER III FOSSIL HUMAN REMAINS AND WORKS OF ART OF THE RECENT PERIOD
- CHAPTER IV POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD: BONES OF MAN AND EXTINCT MAMMALIA IN BELGIAN CAVERNS
- CHAPTER V POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD: FOSSIL HUMAN SKULLS OF THE NEANDERTHAL AND ENGIS CAVES
- CHAPTER VI POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM AND CAVE DEPOSITS WITH FLINT IMPLEMENTS
- CHAPTER VII PEAT AND POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM OF THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME
- CHAPTER VIII POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM WITH FLINT IMPLEMENTS OF THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME—concluded
- CHAPTER IX WORKS OF ART IN POST-PLIOCENE ALLUVIUM OF FRANCE AND ENGLAND
- CHAPTER X CAVERN DEPOSITS, AND PLACE OF SEPULTURE OF THE POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD
- CHAPTER XI AGE OF HUMAN FOSSILS OF LE PUY IN CENTRAL FRANCE AND OF NATCHEZ ON THE MISSISSIPPI, DISCUSSED
- CHAPTER XII ANTIQUITY OF MAN RELATIVELY TO THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND TO THE EXISTING FAUNA AND FLORA
- CHAPTER XIII CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN EUROPE
- CHAPTER XIV CHRONOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF THE GLACIAL PERIOD AND THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF MAN'S APPEARANCE IN EUROPE—continued
- CHAPTER XV EXTINCT GLACIERS OF THE ALPS AND THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO THE HUMAN PERIOD
- CHAPTER XVI HUMAN REMAINS IN THE LOESS, AND THEIR PROBABLE AGE
- CHAPTER XVII POST-GLACIAL DISLOCATIONS AND FOLDINGS OF CRETACEOUS AND DRIFT STRATA IN THE ISLAND OF MÖEN, IN DENMARK
- CHAPTER XVIII THE GLACIAL PERIOD IN NORTH AMERICA
- CHAPTER XIX RECAPITULATION OF GEOLOGICAL PROOFS OF MAN'S ANTIQUITY
- CHAPTER XX THEORIES OF PROGRESSION AND TRANSMUTATION
- CHAPTER XXI ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY VARIATION AND NATURAL SELECTION
- CHAPTER XXII OBJECTIONS TO THE HYPOTHESIS OF TRANSMUTATION CONSIDERED
- CHAPTER XXIII ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGES AND SPECIES COMPARED
- CHAPTER XXIV BEARING OF THE DOCTRINE OF TRANSMUTATION ON THE ORIGIN OF MAN, AND HIS PLACE IN THE CREATION
- INDEX
Summary
THE supposed existence, at a remote and unknown period, of a language conventionally called the Aryan, has of late years been a favourite subject of speculation among German philologists, and Professor Max Müller has given us lately the most improved version of this theory, and has set forth the various facts and arguments by which it may be defended, with his usual perspicuity and eloquence. He observes that if we knew nothing of the existence of Latin, — if all historical documents previous to the fifteenth century had been lost,—if tradition even was silent as to the former existence of a Roman empire, a mere comparison of the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Wallachian, and Rhœtian dialects would enable us to say that at some time there must have been a language, from which these six modern dialects derive their origin in common. Without this supposition it would be impossible to account for their structure and composition, as, for example, for the forms of the auxiliary verb ‘to be,’ all evidently varieties of one common type, while it is equally clear that no one of the six affords the original form from which the others could have been borrowed. So also in none of the six languages do we find the elements of which these verbal and other forms could have been composed; they must have been handed down as relics from a former period, they must have existed in some antecedent language, which we know to have been the Latin.
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- The Geological Evidences of the Antiquity of ManWith Remarks on Theories of the Origin of Species by Variation, pp. 454 - 470Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009