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Chapter 8 - Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2020

Jon van der Walt ,
Attilio Orazi  and
Daniel A. Arber
By
Olga Weinberg  and
Robert Hasserjian
Jon van der Walt
Affiliation:
St Thomas’ Hospital, London
Attilio Orazi
Affiliation:
Texas Tech University
Daniel A. Arber
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
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Summary

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms defined by peripheral cytopaenia, morphologic dysplasia in one or more haematopoietic lineages, and genetic instability with risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). A diagnosis of MDS requires the presence of cytopaenia, plus one or more of the following diagnostic features: morphologic evidence of dysplasia in >10% of cells involving at least one haematopoietic lineage, increased blasts, and/or an MDS-defining cytogenetic abnormality. Modern diagnosis of MDS was standardized by the French–American–British (FAB) cooperative group in 1982, which included the first standard descriptions of myelodysplasia [1], and was further refined in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of 2001, which more specifically quantified dysplasia (Table 8.1) [2].

Keywords

Myelodysplasticcytopeniasideroblaststherapy-relatedimmunophenotypegeneticsprognosis
Type
Chapter
Information
Diagnostic Bone Marrow Haematopathology , pp. 107 - 126
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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