Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- 17 Fever and rash
- 18 Staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock and Kawasaki syndromes
- 19 Classic viral exanthems
- 20 Skin ulcer and pyoderma
- 21 Cellulitis and erysipelas
- 22 Deep soft-tissue infections: necrotizing fasciitis and gas gangrene
- 23 Animal and human bites
- 24 Scabies, lice, and myiasis
- 25 Tungiasis and bed bugs
- 26 Superficial fungal diseases of the hair, skin, and nails
- 27 Eumycetoma
- 28 Lymphadenopathy/lymphadenitis
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
24 - Scabies, lice, and myiasis
from Part IV - Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 April 2015
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- 17 Fever and rash
- 18 Staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock and Kawasaki syndromes
- 19 Classic viral exanthems
- 20 Skin ulcer and pyoderma
- 21 Cellulitis and erysipelas
- 22 Deep soft-tissue infections: necrotizing fasciitis and gas gangrene
- 23 Animal and human bites
- 24 Scabies, lice, and myiasis
- 25 Tungiasis and bed bugs
- 26 Superficial fungal diseases of the hair, skin, and nails
- 27 Eumycetoma
- 28 Lymphadenopathy/lymphadenitis
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
Summary
Arthropod infestations of humans are most commonly caused by mites, head or body lice (pediculosis), pubic lice (pthiriasis), or fly larvae (myiasis). Although many mite species may feed on human tissue, scabies are the most common mites living on human hosts. All of these arthropods can cause irritation and inflammation of the skin, but fly larvae may penetrate more deeply into the body. Diagnosis of each of these parasitic problems is dependent on accurate identification of the infesting arthropod. Lice and scabies mites are readily transmitted between close contacts, whereas myiasis is not a contagious condition.
Scabies
Scabies is a common parasitic infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, an arthropod of the order Acarina (Fig. 24.1). The worldwide prevalence has been estimated at about 100 million cases annually. In general, transmission occurs by direct skin-to-skin contact. In crusted scabies, transmission may also occur through infected clothing or bedding. Skin eruption with classical scabies is attributable to both infestation and hypersensitivity reaction to the mite. Moreover, because the eruption is usually itchy, prurigo and superinfection are common. The main symptom is pruritus that typically worsens at night, and it is often associated with itching experienced by other family members in the household or amongst people in close physical contact with an infested individual. The lesions are commonly located in the finger webs, on the flexor surfaces of the wrists, on the elbows, in the axillae, and on the buttocks and genitalia. The elementary lesions are papules, burrows, and nodules. In crusted scabies, clinical signs include hyperkeratotic plaques, papules, and nodules, particularly on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, although areas such as the axillae, buttocks, scalp, and genitalia in men, and breasts in women may also be affected.
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- Information
- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 162 - 166Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2015
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