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Maternal diet quality during pregnancy and its influence on low birth weight and small for gestational age: a birth cohort in Beijing, China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2022

Wangxing Yang Open the ORCID record for Wangxing Yang [Opens in a new window] ,
Na Han ,
Mingyuan Jiao ,
Xinlei Chang ,
Jue Liu ,
Qianling Zhou  and
Hai-Jun Wang
Wangxing Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Na Han
Affiliation:
Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Mingyuan Jiao
Affiliation:
Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Xinlei Chang
Affiliation:
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Jue Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Qianling Zhou*
Affiliation:
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Hai-Jun Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
*
* Corresponding author: Qianling Zhou, email qianling.zhou@bjmu.edu.cn
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Abstract

This study aimed to describe diet quality of pregnant women and explore the association between maternal diet and the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). A total of 3856 participants from a birth cohort in Beijing, China, were recruited between June 2018 and February 2019. Maternal diet in the first and second trimesters was assessed by the Chinese diet balance index for pregnancy (DBI-P), using data collected by the inconsecutive 2-d 24-h dietary recalls. Logistic regressions were performed to explore the independent effects of DBI-P components on LBW and SGA. The prevalence of LBW and SGA was 3·8% and 6·0%, respectively. Dietary intakes of the participants were imbalanced. The proportions of participants having insufficient intake of vegetables (87·3% and 86·6%), dairy product (95·9% and 96·7%) and aquatic foods (80·5% and 85·3%) were high in both trimesters. The insufficiency of fruit intake was more severe in the second (85·2%) than that in the first trimester (22·5%) (P < 0·05). After adjusting for potential confounders, the intake of fruits and dairy in the second trimester was negatively associated with the risk of LBW (OR = 0·850, 95% CI: 0·723, 0·999) and SGA (OR = 0·885, 95% CI: 0·787, 0.996), respectively. Sufficient consumption of fruits and dairy products in pregnancy may be suggested in order to prevent LBW and SGA.

Keywords

Diet balance indexPregnant womenLow birth weightSmall for gestational ageDiet qualityChina
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 129 , Issue 8 , 28 April 2023 , pp. 1360 - 1369
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Copyright
© Peking University, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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