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2 results

  • Effects of syllable name change on pitch comparison

  • Zhiqiao Wang, Qingfen Hu
  • Journal:
    Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology / Volume 14 / 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 January 2020, e1
    Print publication:
    2020
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Previous research has found that musicians’ pitch judgments, unlike non-musicians’, are influenced by syllable names. Although non-musicians fail to identify absolute pitches, they acknowledge the direction of pitch change. The present experiment investigated whether non-musicians’ judgments of pitch change can be influenced by the direction of syllable name change. Moreover, we examined the spatial, magnitudinal and sequential nature of pitches and syllable names. Participants (N = 33) were asked to hear two successive tones sung by syllable name and to judge the direction of pitch change by pressing vertically arranged buttons. Participants’ accuracy of pitch change judging was found to be influenced by the direction of syllable name change. However, the response location was not found to interact with pitch change or syllable name change. The distance effect was found in pitches but not in syllable names. A sequence effect was found that trials with early-in-sequence syllable names were responded faster than trials with late-in-sequence syllable names. These results suggest that syllable names can influence non-musicians’ pitch judgments in a relative context. We suggest that it is the sequential order of syllable names that is the product of cultural activities that interfere with the judgment of pitch change.

  • Role played by the SP4 gene in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder in the Han Chinese population

  • Jianhua Chen, Kuanjun He, Qingzhong Wang, Zhiqiang Li, Jiawei Shen, Tao Li, Meng Wang, Zujia Wen, Wenjin Li, Yu Qiang, Ti Wang, Jue Ji, Na Wu, Zhiqiao Wang, Bo Zhang, Guoyin Feng, Lin He, Yifeng Xu, Yongyong Shi
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 208 / Issue 5 / May 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. 441-445
    Print publication:
    May 2016
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  • Background

    Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD) are likely to be caused by multiple susceptibility genes, each with small effects in increasing the risk of illness. Identifying DNA variants associated with schizophrenia and MDD is a crucial step in understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders.

    Aims

    To investigate whether the SP4 gene plays a significant role in schizophrenia or MDD in the Han Chinese population.

    Method

    We focused on nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) harbouring the SP4 gene and carried out case–control studies in 1235 patients with schizophrenia, 1045 patients with MDD and 1235 healthy controls recruited from the Han Chinese population.

    Results

    We found that rs40245 was significantly associated with schizophrenia in both allele and genotype distributions (Pallele = 0.0005, Pallele = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction; Pgenotype = 0.0023, Pgenotype = 0.0184 after Bonferroni correction). The rs6461563 SNP was significantly associated with schizophrenia in the allele distributions (Pallele = 0.0033, Pallele = 0.0264 after Bonferroni correction).

    Conclusions

    Our results suggest that common risk factors in the SP4 gene are associated with schizophrenia, although not with MDD, in the Han Chinese population.