By using homogeneous electron-beam (EB) irradiation, rapid adhesion between nylon-6 film and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was successfully developed. Effects of homogeneous irradiation of electron beam with low potential (HIEBL) on adhesive strength of different polymers without glue were investigated. HIEBL less than 0.216MJ kg−1 (MGy) increased the adhesive strength and its strain of composites constructed with nylon-6 film and PMMA, although additional HIEBL at more than 0.432 MGy apparently decreased the adhesive strain. HIEBL less than 0.432 MGy also enhanced the elasticity (dσ/dε)o of composites. To evaluate the influence of HIEBL on the adhesive strength, electron spin resonance signals that relate to dangling bonds were observed. Because EB irradiation generated dangling bonds in polymethyl methacrylate and nylon-6, dangling bonds probably acted reactive and bonding sites to each polymer at interface. Therefore, HIEBL enhanced the adhesive strength as well as elasticity of the composites.

Joining between Nylon-film and Silicone-rubber was successfully developed. Effects of EB-irradiation on joining strength of different polymers without adhesive materials were investigated by using homogeneous EB irradiation. The EB irradiation increased the joining strength of the joining sample between Nylon-film and Silicone-rubber. Excess EB-irradiation more than 0.3 MGy apparently decreased the joining strength. To discuss the influences of electron beam irradiation on the joining strength, ESR signals related to dangling bonds were observed. Since the EB irradiation produced detectable dangling bonds on Nylon-film, using dangling bonds probably joined the different polymers.

The compressive magnetostriction values of Fe2.4Sm alloy thin film prepared on silicon, copper and titanium substrates (300μm thickness) by direct current magnetron sputtering process were investigated. When the residual gas pressure before argon sputtering and the sputtering pressure of argon gas (5 N) were below 3.2×10−4 Pa and 2.0×10−1 Pa, respectively, the thickness of the Fe2.4Sm films deposited was about 3 μm. Compressive magnetostriction of Fe2.4Sm alloy film on titanium sheet generates the large bending motion, rather than those on silicon wafer and copper substrates. The high magnetostrictive susceptibility of the films was observed at low magnetic field.

Low-energy electron beam (EB) irradiation, generally applied to enhance hardening and wear resistance of polymer, was a successful surface treatment. Effect of EB irradiation was the homogeneous activation of surface atoms and the breaking of the chemical bonds in the network structure of a surface layer of inorganic glasses. When EB irradiation generated dangling bonds at the weaker-bonded metal-oxygen atomic pairs in the glass network structure, partial relaxation occurred at points of residual strain in the network structure. It was clear that the increased rigidity was mainly due to an increase in the bonding energy of the stronger-bonded metal-oxygen atomic pairs in the atomic network structure. The possible beneficial effects of EB irradiation on the impact value of transparent inorganic glass was investigated. To clarify the results, ESR observations were used to confirm the existence of dangling bonds. The EB irradiation increased the impact value of the transparent inorganic glasses. Based on the ESR signals of transparent glasses before and after EB irradiation, the high density of dangling bonds was obtained.

A crack reduction by electron beam (EB) irradiation treatment for carbon fiber, used without the traditional method of accompanying heat, was developed to modify the mechanical properties at lower temperature. The EB treatment improved the resistance to fracture. Namely, the maximum ratio of fractured samples (maxRf) and the minimum bending strain on fracture (minεf) were defined as simple indicators of fracture resistance and became smaller by the EB treatment. Furthermore, a critical density of dangling bonds for a fracture was suggested and determined for carbon fiber treated by EB irradiation. The EB irradiation to reduce cracking and the determination of the critical density of dangling bonds are new concepts that can be broadly applied in the fields of aerospace and rapid-transit production engineering.

We developed a diamond surface that does not mist near the room temperature under a saturated humidity atmosphere, by sheet electron beam irradiation (SEBI) treatment. SEBI treatment decreased the time to clear vision of the diamond surface. Following SEBI treatment for 1.91 s (= 0.72 MGy) to a diamond surface, the time to clear vision was less than 2 s. The effective duration time was a few hours. Based on the results of the size distribution of the drops on the misting-free diamond surface following blowing for 3 s, we proposed an explanation for the short time to clear vision of the diamond surface treated by SEBI.

A misting free dental mirror is obtained near the human temperature under the saturated humidity atmosphere by use of the sheet electron beam irradiation treatment. It is shown that electron beam irradiation treatment decreases the time to clear vision in a misted mirror. This effect is due to an enhancement of the interfacial energy between the dental mirror glass and water.

Using a scanning laser microscope and mercury porosi-meter, we evaluate the effects of an excellent car-coating treatment on resistance to environmental corrosion after aging for three years. The treatment maintains the clear surface. The effect can be explained mainly by the contact angle of sessile drops.