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2 results

  • Nonlinear chirped pulse amplification for a 100-W-class GHz femtosecond all-fiber laser system at 1.5 $\unicode{x3bc}$m

  • Yiheng Fan, Hao Xiu, Wei Lin, Xuewen Chen, Xu Hu, Wenlong Wang, Junpeng Wen, Hao Tian, Molei Hao, Chiyi Wei, Luyi Wang, Xiaoming Wei, Zhongmin Yang
  • Journal:
    High Power Laser Science and Engineering / Volume 11 / 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    25 May 2023, e50
    • Article
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  • In this work, we present a high-power, high-repetition-rate, all-fiber femtosecond laser system operating at 1.5 $\unicode{x3bc}$m. This all-fiber laser system can deliver femtosecond pulses at a fundamental repetition rate of 10.6 GHz with an average output power of 106.4 W – the highest average power reported so far from an all-fiber femtosecond laser at 1.5 $\unicode{x3bc}$m, to the best of our knowledge. By utilizing the soliton-effect-based pulse compression effect with optimized pre-chirping dispersion, the amplified pulses are compressed to 239 fs in an all-fiber configuration. Empowered by such a high-power ultrafast fiber laser system, we further explore the nonlinear interaction among transverse modes LP01, LP11 and LP21 that are expected to potentially exist in fiber laser systems using large-mode-area fibers. The intermodal modulational instability is theoretically investigated and subsequently identified in our experiments. Such a high-power all-fiber ultrafast laser without bulky free-space optics is anticipated to be a promising laser source for applications that specifically require compact and robust operation.

  • A Decrease in the Number of Cases of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Associated with the Enhancement of Infection Prevention and Control Measures during a Staphylococcus aureus Outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

  • Brigitte Lemyre, Wenlong Xiu, Nicole Rouvinez Bouali, Janet Brintnell, Jo-Anne Janigan, Kathryn N. Suh, Nicholas Barrowman
  • Journal:
    Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 33 / Issue 1 / January 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2015, pp. 29-33
    Print publication:
    January 2012
  • Objective.

    Most cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) are sporadic, but outbreaks in hospital settings suggest an infectious cause. Our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experienced an outbreak of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). We aimed to assess whether the enhancement of infection prevention and control measures would be associated with a reduction in the number of cases of NEC.

    Design.

    Retrospective chart review.

    Setting.

    A 24-bed, university-affiliated, inborn level 3 NICU.

    Participants.

    Infants of less than 30 weeks gestation or birth weight ≤ 1,500 g admitted to the NICU between January 2007 and December 2008 were considered at risk of NEC. All cases of NEC were reviewed.

    Interventions.

    Infection prevention and control measures, including hand hygiene education, were enhanced during the outbreak. Avoidance of overcapacity in the NICU was reinforced, environmental services (ES) measures were enhanced, and ES hours were increased.

    Results.

    Two hundred eighty-two at-risk infants were admitted during the study. Their gestational age and birth weight (mean ± SD) were 28.2 ± 2.7 weeks and 1,031 ± 290 g, respectively. The proportion of NEC was 18/110 (16.4%) before the outbreak, 1/54 (1.8%) during the outbreak, and 4/118 (3.4%) after the outbreak. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, gender, and singleton versus multiple births, the proportion was lower in the postoutbreak period than in the preoutbreak period (P< .002).

    Conclusion.

    Although this observational study cannot establish a causal relationship, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of NEC following implementation of enhanced infection prevention and control measures to manage an MSSA outbreak.

    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(1):29-33