Twenty-five years have passed since the first “test tube baby” was born in 1978. Since then, more than 1 million children have been born world-wide. Today, they represent 2% of all new-borns in some countries, such as Sweden. After conventional in vitro fertilisation (IVF) was established, the cryopreservation technique developed and the first baby produced implementing this technique was born in 1984. The cryopreservation technique is firmly established in most IVF programmes at present. The introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 1992 has given many men the opportunity to father children, hitherto an impossibility.