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Page 1 of 2

World Lexicon of Grammaticalization
  • 2nd edition
  • Tania Kouteva, Bernd Heine, Bo Hong, Haiping Long, Heiko Narrog, Seongha Rhee
  • Published online:
    12 February 2020
    Print publication:
    08 August 2019
  • Extensively revised and updated, this second edition provides, in an A-Z format, an analysis of the most important generalizations that have been made on the unidirectional change of grammatical forms and constructions. Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 languages, it reconstructs over 500 processes of grammatical change in the languages of the world, including East Asian languages such as Chinese, Korean and Japanese. Readers are provided with the tools to discover how lexical and grammatical meanings can be related to one another in a principled way, how such issues as polysemy, heterosemy, and transcategoriality are dealt with, and why certain linguistic forms have simultaneous lexical and grammatical functions. Definitions of lexical concepts are provided with examples from a broad variety of languages, and references to key relevant research literature. Linguists and other scholars will gain a better understanding of languages on a worldwide scale.

  • 1 - Introduction

  • Tania Kouteva, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Bernd Heine, Universität zu Köln, Bo Hong, Haiping Long, Heiko Narrog, Tohoku University, Japan, Seongha Rhee
  • Book:
    World Lexicon of Grammaticalization
    Published online:
    12 February 2020
    Print publication:
    08 August 2019, pp 1-22

  • Summary

    In the course of the last decades, a wealth of data has been published on the origin and development of grammatical forms. Part of these data, as they were available up to 2002, were published in the first edition of the World Lexicon of Grammaticalization. The main purpose of the present work is, first, to make some revisions to the first edition and, second, to provide an update on some of what has happened in grammaticalization studies since 2002. The update concerns, on the one hand, new, general developments that this field has experienced. To this end, some of the directions that appear to be particularly relevant to the field are pointed out in Section 1.3. On the other hand, the update concerns a wider database, considerably expanded with regard to the distinct language varieties (i.e. dialects included), which are over 1,000, and the processes discussed, which involve 544 grammaticalization paths.

  • 3 - Source–Target Lexicon

  • Tania Kouteva, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Bernd Heine, Universität zu Köln, Bo Hong, Haiping Long, Heiko Narrog, Tohoku University, Japan, Seongha Rhee
  • Book:
    World Lexicon of Grammaticalization
    Published online:
    12 February 2020
    Print publication:
    08 August 2019, pp 34-462

  • Summary

    This pathway appears to be based on a conceptualization of agents as sources of actions (see Luraghi 2014). According to Palancar (2002: 205), ablatives form by far the most common spatial category found in the syncretism of passive agent markers. While the present pathway may provide a natural choice in any language, it has been exploited especially but not only in Indo-European languages. In languages showing this pathway, ablative or source markers (‘(away) from’) gradually develop into markers encoding agent participants (see Palancar 2002: 205, table 7; Wiemer 2011a: 541) as shown in the following two examples.

    Archaic Chinese yu ‘from’, ablative preposition (> switch stage, either ablative or agent marker) > yu, preposition introducing agents (Long et al. 2012). Modern Chinese you ‘from’, ablative preposition (> cause marker) > you, preposition introducing agents (Long et al. 2012). Qiang -wu, ablative postposition > -wu, agent postposition (Long et al. 2012).

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