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Page 1 of 5

  • 3 - The Lecture, 1979
  • Fiona Kisby Littleton, University College London Institute of Education, Susan Bewley, Emeritus, King's College London, James Owen Drife, Emeritus, University of Leeds
  • Book: Presenting the First Test-Tube Baby
  • Published online: 23 February 2023
  • Print publication: 16 March 2023, pp 48-130
  • View extract

    Summary

    This chapter transcribes in full the groundbreaking lecture given by Edwards and Steptoe at the RCOG on 26 January 1979. The historical context is evoked by having the original images of the slides that the lecture spoke to inserted at the places where they were referenced, as they were essential for purposes of illustration. A scholarly set of notes is appended to help readers understand the text from the vantage point of four decades later, citing other relevant medical, scientific, pharmaceutical and biographical work.

Presenting the First Test-Tube Baby
  • Presenting the First Test-Tube Baby
  • The Edwards and Steptoe Lecture of 1979
  • Fiona Kisby Littleton, Susan Bewley, James Owen Drife
  • Published online: 23 February 2023
  • Print publication: 16 March 2023
  • View description
    In January 1979, Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe delivered a lecture detailing the ten-year clinical and scientific research programme that led to the birth of Louise Brown, the first baby born utilising IVF. This thoroughly-researched book provides both a full annotated transcript of the lecture as well as recorded reminiscences from those who attended, detailing the contemporary understandings of the event. An essay on the lecture's historical context adds fresh insight into the biographies of Edwards and Steptoe and highlights sources from print and broadcast media that have received scant attention in earlier publications. Current and future implications of the advances in IVF since the first procedure are also explored, examining future medical and scientific possibilities as well as ethical issues that may arise. A foreword by Louise Brown herself places this remarkable leap of science in a personal context, one that so many families have since experienced themselves.
  • Authors' reply
  • Lucy Griffin, Katie Clyde, Richard Byng, Susan Bewley
  • Journal: BJPsych Bulletin / Volume 45 / Issue 5 / October 2021
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 September 2021, pp. 310-311
  • Print publication: October 2021
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  • Authors' reply
  • Lucy Griffin, Katie Clyde, Richard Byng, Susan Bewley
  • Journal: BJPsych Bulletin / Volume 45 / Issue 5 / October 2021
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 September 2021, pp. 312-313
  • Print publication: October 2021
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  • Sex, gender and gender identity: a re-evaluation of the evidence
  • Lucy Griffin, Katie Clyde, Richard Byng, Susan Bewley
  • Journal: BJPsych Bulletin / Volume 45 / Issue 5 / October 2021
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 July 2020, pp. 291-299
  • Print publication: October 2021
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    In the past decade there has been a rapid increase in gender diversity, particularly in children and young people, with referrals to specialist gender clinics rising. In this article, the evolving terminology around transgender health is considered and the role of psychiatry is explored now that this condition is no longer classified as a mental illness. The concept of conversion therapy with reference to alternative gender identities is examined critically and with reference to psychiatry's historical relationship with conversion therapy for homosexuality. The authors consider the uncertainties that clinicians face when dealing with something that is no longer a disorder nor a mental condition and yet for which medical interventions are frequently sought and in which mental health comorbidities are common.

  • Dairy producers in the Southeast United States are concerned with cow care and welfare
  • Amanda Lee, Susan Schexnayder, Liesel Schneider, Stephen Oliver, Gina Pighetti, Christina Petersson-Wolfe, Jeffrey Bewley, Stephanie Ward, Peter Krawczel
  • Journal: Journal of Dairy Research / Volume 87 / Issue 1 / February 2020
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 February 2020, pp. 60-63
  • Print publication: February 2020
  • View abstract

    This research communication addresses the hypothesis that Southeast dairy producers' self-reported bulk tank somatic cell count (BTSCC) was associated with producers' response to three statements (1) ‘a troublesome thing about mastitis is the worries it causes me,’ (2) ‘a troublesome thing about mastitis is that cows suffer,’ and (3) ‘my broad goals include taking good care of my cows and heifers.’ Surveys were mailed to producers in Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia (29% response rate, N = 596; final analysis N = 574), as part of a larger survey to assess Southeastern dairy producers' opinions related to BTSCC. Surveys contained 34 binomial (n = 9), Likert scale (n = 7), and descriptive (n = 18) statements targeted at producer self-assessment of herd records, management practices, and BTSCC. Statements 1 and 2 were assessed on a 5-point Likert scale from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree.’ Statement 3 was assessed on a 5-point Likert scale from ‘very unimportant’ to ‘very important.’ Reported mean BTSCC for all participants was 254 500 cells/ml. Separate univariable logistic regressions using generalized linear mixed models (SAS 9.4, Cary, NC, USA) with a random effect of farm, were performed to determine if BTSCC was associated with probability for a producer's response to statements. If BTSCC was significant, forward manual addition was performed until no additional variables were significant (P ≤ 0.05), but included BTSCC, regardless of significance. Bulk tank somatic cell count was associated with ‘a troublesome thing about mastitis is the worries it causes me,’ but not with Statements 2 or 3. This demonstrates that >75% of Southeastern dairy producers are concerned with animal care and cow suffering, regardless of BTSCC. Understanding Southeast producers' emphasis on cow care is necessary to create targeted management tools for herds with elevated BTSCC.

  • Chapter 2 - Domestic Violence in Pregnancy (Content last reviewed: 15th March 2020)
  • from Section 1 - Prepregnancy Problems
  • Edited by David James, University of Nottingham, Philip Steer, Imperial College London, Carl Weiner, University of Kansas, Bernard Gonik, Wayne State University, Detroit, Stephen Robson
  • Book: High-Risk Pregnancy
  • Published online: 15 November 2017, pp 34-44
  • View extract

    Summary

    There has been a growing awareness of the importance of domestic violence as a significant public health issue since the late 1990s, although women have been controlled and assaulted by their partners throughout history. Obstetricians, gynecologists, and midwives have a key role in identifying women who are experiencing domestic violence, documenting the abuse, and ensuring that appropriate advice, support, and interventions can be accessed. Domestic violence is one part of a spectrum of human rights abuses against women and girls that includes rape and sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, “honor killings,” female genital mutilation, trafficking of children and women for prostitution, and systematic rape as a tool of war. Gender-based violence is predominantly inflicted by men upon women and girls; it reflects and reinforces inequalities between men and women and adversely affects the health, dignity, safety, and autonomy of survivors.

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