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23 results

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Critical Care of the Stroke Patient
  • Critical Care of the Stroke Patient
  • Edited by Stefan Schwab, Daniel Hanley, A. David Mendelow
  • Published online: 05 June 2014
  • Print publication: 05 June 2014
  • View description
    New and groundbreaking therapeutic options for the critical care of patients with cerebrovascular disease have improved patient management, minimized morbidity, reduced in-patient care, improved quality of life, and had a positive economic impact on health service provision. This volume integrates these approaches and suggests the best therapy option for all cerebrovascular conditions. The early chapters of the book focus on monitoring techniques and interventions. Subsequent sections address the critical care of a wide range of cerebrovascular diseases: ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, cerebral venous thrombosis and traumatic injury. The editors and authors are internationally recognized experts in their field, and the text is supplemented by tables and illustrations to demonstrate important clinical findings. This book will meet the needs of stroke physicians, neurologists, neurosurgeons, neurointensivists and interventional neuroradiologists seeking to maximize positive outcomes for their patients.
  • Chapter 36 - Space-occupying supratentorial and infratentorial ischemic stroke
  • from Section 2 - Vascular topographic syndromes
  • Edited by Louis R. Caplan, Jan van Gijn
  • Book: Stroke Syndromes, 3ed
  • Published online: 05 August 2012
  • Print publication: 12 July 2012, pp 419-425
  • View abstract

    Summary

    The advent of neuroimaging has allowed clinicians to improve clinico-anatomical correlations in stroke patients. Arterial trunks supplying the brainstem include: the vertebral artery, basilar artery, anterior and posterior spinal arteries, posterior inferior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, superior cerebellar artery, posterior cerebral artery, and anterior choroidal artery. The arterial supply of the medulla oblongata comes from the vertebral arteries that form the middle rami of the lateral medullary fossa, the posterior inferior cerebellar artery that gives rise to the inferior rami of the lateral medullary fossa, and the anterior and posterior spinal arteries. Different arterial trunks supply blood to the pons, including the vertebral arteries, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, superior cerebellar artery, and basilar artery. The leptomeningeal arteries consist of the terminal branches of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries forming an anastomotic network on the surface of the hemispheres.
  • 25 - Occlusive cerebrovascular disease
  • from Section 4 - Neurointensive care
  • Edited by Basil F. Matta, David K. Menon, Martin Smith
  • Book: Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care
  • Published online: 05 December 2011
  • Print publication: 13 October 2011, pp 385-396
  • View abstract

    Summary

    Age-dependent differences in cranial bone development, cerebral vascular physiology and neurological lesions distinguish neonates, infants and children from their adult counterparts. In particular, the central nervous system (CNS) undergoes a tremendous amount of structural and physiological change during the first 2 years of life. This chapter highlights these age-dependent differences and their effect on the perioperative management of the paediatric neurosurgical patient. Children in this age group can present with a wide variety of pathologies requiring surgical intervention including trauma, congenital abnormalities such as craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, intracranial tumours, intracranial vascular lesions and seizure disorders. Age-dependent differences in cerebrovascular physiology have a significant impact on the perioperative management of neurosurgical patients. Given the systemic effects of general anaesthesia and the physiological stress of surgery, an organ system-based approach is optimal for anticipating potential physiological derangements and coexisting disease states that may increase the risk of perioperative complications.

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