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18 results

  • Toxic effects of Hoechst staining and UV irradiation on preimplantation development of parthenogenetically activated mouse oocytes

  • Karen Versieren, Björn Heindryckx, Chen Qian, Jan Gerris, Petra De Sutter
  • Journal:
    Zygote / Volume 22 / Issue 1 / February 2014
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 July 2012, pp. 32-40

  • Parthenogenetic activation of oocytes is a helpful tool to obtain blastocysts, of which the inner cell mass may be used for derivation of embryonic stem cells. In order to improve activation and embryonic development after parthenogenesis, we tried to use sperm injection and subsequent removal of the sperm head to mimic the natural Ca2+ increases by release of the oocyte activating factor. Visualization of the sperm could be accomplished by Hoechst staining and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. To exclude negative effects of this treatment, we examined toxicity on activated mouse oocytes. After activation, oocytes were incubated in Hoechst 33342 or 33258 stain and exposed to UV irradiation. The effects on embryonic development were evaluated. Our results showed that both types of Hoechst combined with UV irradiation have toxic effects on parthenogenetically activated mouse oocytes. Although activation and cleavage rate were not affected, blastocyst formation was significantly reduced. Secondly, we used MitoTracker staining for removal of the sperm. Sperm heads were stained before injection and removed again after 1 h. However, staining was not visible anymore in all oocytes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In case the sperm could be removed, most oocytes died after 1 day. As MitoTracker was also not successful, alternative methods for sperm identification should be investigated.

Single Embryo Transfer
  • Edited by Jan Gerris, G. David Adamson, Petra De Sutter, Catherine Racowsky
  • Published online:
    18 December 2009
    Print publication:
    06 November 2008
  • Multiple pregnancies are the most frequent and serious complication of assisted reproduction. Both high-order multiple and twin pregnancies entail a number of medical and economic outcomes that affect the children, the mother, the parents, the families, and society as a whole. Limiting the number of embryos to transfer is the only method available to decrease the incidence of multiple pregnancies. Single Embryo Transfer reviews the advantages and limitations of this approach to assisted reproduction. The crucial issue of selecting the best embryo will be reviewed in detail. All clinical issues involved in setting up and running an SET programme will be covered, including important topics such as cryopreservation of embryos, embryo donation, and patient counselling. The final chapters on future SET trends in Europe and North America are written by leading figures in the IVF world. The book is of interest to physicians, embryologists, nurses, insurers, politicians, ethicists and patients.

  • 55 - Single Embryo Transfer

  • from PART III - ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
  • Edited by Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama, Juan A. Garcia-Velasco, Hassan N. Sallam, Antonis Makrigiannakis, University of Crete
  • Book:
    Infertility and Assisted Reproduction
    Published online:
    04 August 2010
    Print publication:
    15 September 2008, pp 518-530

  • Summary

    Elective single-embryo transfer (SET), combined with subsequent transfer of frozen/thawed embryos, can maintain a high pregnancy rate with a dramatic decrease in multiple pregnancy rates. It has been argued that in the near future, SET should be the default policy for good-prognosis in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) patients. An alternative to elective SET is the use of natural-cycle IVF/ICSI. Although this approach has its attractive sides (easy, cheap, repeatable, and no ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome), its efficacy per cycle is low. The strength of elective SET resides in the fact that ovarian stimulation allows selection of the putative most competent embryo. The impact of SET will depend on the size of the group in whom it is applied. If criteria are very strict, the impact will be small, but the overall pregnancy rate is likely not to decrease. Clinical judgments regarding SET differ between centers and countries.