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5 results

  • Development and Validation of a New Tool to Measure Performance Knowledge and Communication Skill of Multidisciplinary Health Science Learners on Radiation Emergency Preparedness and Response Management

  • Shivanand Bhushan, Sumeet Suresh Malapure, Nisha Rachel D’Souza, Pankaj Tandon, Sibi Oommen, Srinidhi G., Ashwani Kumar Verma, Akhilesh K. Pandey, William Wilson, Muralidhar M. Kulkarni
  • Journal:
    Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 17 / 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 June 2023, e425
    • Article
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  • Objective:

    The purpose of the study was to design, develop, and validate a newer tool on radiation emergency preparedness responses (RadEM-PREM IPE tool) to measure communication, knowledge, performance skills in multidisciplinary health science learners.

    Methods:

    The study design is a prospective, single centric, pilot study. Five subject experts designed, analyzed, and selected items of the instrument for relevant content and domain. Psychometrics that the tool assessed were content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficient. Twenty-eight participants completed test-retest reliability for validation of 21 sorted out items calculated percentage of agreement >70% I-CVI/UA (item content validity index with universal acceptability) and S-CVI/UA (scale content validity index with universal agreement method).

    Results:

    Items with percentage agreement >70% and I-CVI over 0.80 were kept, ranged from 0.70 to 0.78 were revised, and below 0.70 were rejected. Items with kappa values ranging from 0.04 to 0.59 were revised and ≥0.74 were retained. Internal consistency assessed using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.449. Positive correlation between attitude and communication (r = 0.448), between performance and communication (r = 0.443) were statistically significant at 0.01 level. Overall, intraclass correlation coefficient for all the measures is 0.646, which is statistically significant at 0.05 level (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    Study concludes that the RadEM-PREM IPE tool would be a new measuring tool to assess knowledge, performance, and communication skills of interprofessional radiation emergency response team learner’s evaluation.

  • The Identity of Prakāśāditya

  • PANKAJ TANDON
  • Journal:
    Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society / Volume 25 / Issue 4 / October 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 July 2015, pp. 647-668
    Print publication:
    October 2015

  • One of the enduring open questions in ancient Indian history is the identity of the king who identifies himself on the reverse of his gold coins as prakāśāditya. Most authors have assumed that he was a Gupta king. This paper reviews the various proposals on the identity of Prakāśāditya, arguing why we can be quite sure, as suggested by Robert Göbl, that he was in fact a Hun king and not a Gupta. Then, by presenting a near-complete reading of the obverse legend, it is shown that it is virtually certain that he was in fact the Hun king Toramāṇa, as Göbl had speculated. Implications of this finding are then considered.

  • The Succession after Kumāragupta I

  • PANKAJ TANDON
  • Journal:
    Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society / Volume 24 / Issue 4 / October 2014
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 March 2014, pp. 557-572
    Print publication:
    October 2014

  • Most dynastic lists of the Gupta kings state that Kumāragupta I was succeeded by Skandagupta. However, it is widely accepted that Skandagupta did not accede to the throne peacefully. Nor is it certain that the succession was immediate, since there is a gap between the known dates of Kumāragupta's and Skandagupta's reigns. This paper is concerned with the events following the death of Kumāragupta, using numismatic evidence as the primary source, and inscriptional and other epigraphic evidence as further support. Some of the numismatic evidence is new, and even the evidence that is not new has so far received little attention in the literature on the succession after Kumāragupta. Questions are raised about one particular theory that is presently enjoying some currency, that Skandagupta was challenged primarily by his uncle Ghaṭotkacagupta. Some other possible scenarios for the political events in the period after the death of Kumāragupta I will then be proposed and analyzed.

  • 12 - Hierarchical structure and attitudes toward risk in state-owned enterprises

  • Leroy P. Jones
  • Book:
    Public Enterprise in Less Developed Countries
    Published online:
    04 August 2010
    Print publication:
    30 December 1982, pp 245-256

  • Summary

    Public enterprises and risk behavior

    Since the work of Arrow and Lind1 first appeared, it has been widely agreed that the returns from a public investment should be evaluated using a risk-free rate of discount to the extent that such returns are uncorrelated with other sources of income. The implication is that managers of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) should behave in a risk-neutral manner as long as the risks associated with the enterprise are borne by the government.

    It is extremely difficult to clearly observe whether or not an enterprise is behaving in a risk-neutral manner. Nevertheless, few would dispute the observations that many SOEs do not in fact adopt a risk-neutral policy. SOEs are too vast and diverse a group of organizations to permit a simple generalization to be made on this matter; however, it seems safe to say that in many countries they exhibit an aversion to risk. This creates a problem, as normative theory would require them to be risk neutral.

    Risk-averse behavior occurs because the manager of an enterprise may act to maximize not the net income (or profit) of the enterprise but rather his own utility. As Arrow and Lind note: “Their careers and income are intimately related to the firm's performance. From their point of view, variations in the outcome of some corporate action impose very real costs. In this case, given a degree of autonomy, the corporate managers, in considering prospective investments, may discount for risk.”