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Summary

Following fertilization in the fallopian tube approximately 24 to 48 hours after ovulation, the zygote migrates through the fallopian tube to the uterine cavity at the stage of morula on day 18 of an ideal 28-day cycle [1]. On day 19, a 32- to 256-cell blastocyst forms, sheds its zona pellucida (known as hatching), superficially apposes, and adheres to the endometrium [2]. This is followed by trophoblast invasion through the endometrial epithelium and underlying stroma, the inner third of the myometrium, and the uterine vasculature, all of which finally result in placentation [3]. The success of each step is crucial in order to advance toward the next stage.

Summary

Failure to conceive following 12 months of unprotected intercourse is defined as infertility. Both male and female factors can lead to infertility. Various forms of assisted reproductive techniques with different success rates are available to manage both male and female infertility. In some clearly defined cases gestational surrogacy provides the only hope for a couple to have their own genetic children.

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Chapter 19 - Folliculogenesis and Implantation Failure

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Chapter 16 - Assisted Conception Techniques

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Chapter 19 - Folliculogenesis and Implantation Failure

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Chapter 16 - Assisted Conception Techniques

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