Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that greatly affects movement and occurrence of muscle spasticity as well as other problems. Cerebral palsy significantly decreases quality of life in patients.Causes of CP are still not fully known but prenatal complications as well as trauma during pregnancy can lead to higher risk. It is recommended for expecting mothers to not overexert themselves during pregnancy and keep consistent health checkups to prevent causative factors. Current treatments to reduce spasticity and other symptoms involve botulinum toxin type A, intrathecal baclofen, dorsal rhizotomy, dantrolene, diazepam, flexeril, and tizanidine. Each method prevents some level of relief, but all come with their own existing risks and adverse effects. Patients must outweigh the risk over potential gain with the use of each treatment for pain and spasticity.

Chronic post-stroke pain (CPSP), Dejerine Roussy syndrome, is a specific injury resulting from usually ischemic stroke. Diagnosing and discovering direct mechanisms are still works in process. The syndrome is also hard to differentiate among other similar ones due to the varying symptomatic responses in individuals. Many different therapy processes and management systems are being studied to find an efficient and safe way to reduce the pain in individuals with CPSP. Seen in the treatments and management section, some techniques are invasive, while others are not. Transcranial stimulation is invasive. It leads to many other complications that come with surgical procedures. Other methods are not as invasive and have some existing evidence of reducing pain. Many of the treatments and management of CPSP still need more evidence to fully figure out their mechanisms of action and the consistent effects of the treatments. The different methods appear to have promising results and future research can help to uncover that potential.