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21 results

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  • Chapter 18 - Pelvic Trauma

  • Edited by Alex Koyfman, Brit Long
  • Book: The Emergency Medicine Trauma Handbook
  • Published online: 23 August 2019
  • Print publication: 17 October 2019, pp 260-272

  • Summary

    Pelvic fractures are serious injuries, accounting for 20% of deaths due to trauma.1 Most high energy pelvic fractures are due to motor vehicle accidents, including motorcycles, and falls from a significant height. Since these injuries can have major effects on hemodynamics, especially in the setting of multi-trauma, time is of the essence, with focus on early diagnosis and management.

Orthopedic Emergencies
  • Expert Management for the Emergency Physician
  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Published online: 05 November 2013
  • Print publication: 31 October 2013
  • Acute care physicians are frequently faced with diagnosing and treating orthopedic emergencies with limited resources and without immediate specialist availability. Orthopedic Emergencies focuses on the acute management and stabilization of orthopedic injuries with specific recommendations on procedures and the stabilization of fractures and dislocation. The topics are organized anatomically with additional chapters on Procedures, Reduction Techniques, and Immobilization and Splinting. The information needed for a rapid diagnosis is available instantly through the bullet-point-style text, diagrams, images, pearls and pitfalls. There are specific recommendations on which splint to apply and how to position the affected limb, as well as advice on when to arrange follow up with an orthopedist or sports medicine physician. The spiral binding allows the book to lay flat for easy use at the bedside, making Orthopedic Emergencies the ideal companion for all emergency medicine providers including emergency department physicians, sports clinics, family medicine practitioners and mid-level providers.

  • Chapter 10 - Immobilization and splinting

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book: Orthopedic Emergencies
  • Published online: 05 November 2013
  • Print publication: 31 October 2013, pp 248-269

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, mechanism, anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of pelvic fractures e.g. avulsion fractures, and non-displaced pelvic fractures such as pubic ramis fractures, ischial body fractures, ilium fractures, sacral fractures, coccyx fractures, displaced pelvic fractures, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. Pelvic fractures represent 3% of all fractures, and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mortality rate for high-energy pelvic fractures is between 10% and 20%. The pelvis consists of the ilium and pubis, and the ilium on each side forming the innominate bones that are then joined at the pubis symphysis anteriorly and the sacrum posteriorly. Fractures involving a single pubic ramis are usually caused by a fall in the elderly, though in the young it is often the result of persistent tension/stress on the adductors or hamstrings resulting in a fracture at their site of origination.

  • Chapter 8 - Orthopedic infections and other complications

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book: Orthopedic Emergencies
  • Published online: 05 November 2013
  • Print publication: 31 October 2013, pp 178-190

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, diagnostic testing, treatments, and prognosis of various types of hand and wrist fractures such as distal radius fracture, distal radioulnar joint disruption (DRUJ), carpal bone fractures, metacarpal bone fractures, phalangeal bone fractures, and distal phalanx fracture. Distal radius and ulnar injuries are often associated with median and ulnar neuropathies. A transverse fracture of the distal radial metaphysis with dorsal displacement and angulation, often caused by a fall on an outstretched hand. The lateral radiograph is the best view for revealing an intra-articular fracture of the radius and any associated carpal displacement in Barton fractures. A posteroanterior (PA) radiograph often shows a comminuted fracture of the distal radius. Barton fractures require emergency orthopedic/hand-specialist consultation for early operative management. Non-displaced Hutchinson fractures can be managed with a short-arm splint and routine orthopedic/hand-specialist follow-up.

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