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Reductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.
This article brings together research on migration and identity in translocal and superdiverse contexts, and the recently expanding interest in narratives and interaction in social media, by examining the construction of identities in narratives shared in a private Facebook group message. The participants are former fellow refugees from Poland who reconnected on Facebook after two decades. The article analyzes three narratives produced in response to the researcher's question about ethnic and national affiliations. Using Bucholtz & Hall's (2004) tactics of intersubjectivity framework, this study examines the complex and conflicting ways in which individuals position themselves with respect to various contexts of belonging and difference (Meinhof & Galasiński 2005) that emerge in their narratives. I argue that the narratives show a link between essentialist or nonessentialist views of ethnicity/nationality, and the teller's assumed agency over her identity. The study also discusses new possibilities for discursive practices in social media contexts. (Narrative, migration, social media, identity, belonging)
Allergic rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucosa following exposure to allergens. A few studies have investigated how the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma classification correlates with symptom severity and skin prick test results in allergic rhinitis patients. Our objective was to evaluate such a correlation.
Materials and methods:
The study population consisted of 268 patients who had allergic symptoms and were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.
Results:
Analysis of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma classification with regard to symptom severity revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the groups for nasal symptoms, wheezing, eye itching/watering and eye redness. Symptom frequency and severity increased gradually towards the moderate to severe persistent allergic group. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for grass pollen and house dust mite allergy.
Conclusion:
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma classification, which takes symptoms and quality of life into consideration in addition to allergen exposure, is a useful classification system for allergic rhinitis.
The present work deals with the comparative investigation of Si-ncs embedded in SiO2 and Al2O3 dielectrics grown by RF magnetron sputtering on fused quarts substrate. The effect of post-deposition processing on the evolution of microstructure of the films and their optic and luminescent properties was investigated. It was observed that photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Six(SiO2)1-x films showed one PL band, which peak position shifts from 860 nm to 700 nm when the x decreases from 0.7 to 0.3. It is due to exciton recombination in Si-ncs. For Six(Al2O3)1-x films, several PL bands peaked at about 570-600 nm and 700-750 nm and near-infrared tail or band peaked at about 800 nm were found. Two first PL bands were ascribed to different oxygen-deficient defects of oxide host, whereas near-infrared PL component is due to exciton recombination in Si-ncs. The comparison of both types of the samples showed that the main radiative recombination channel in Six(SiO2)1-x films is exciton recombination in Si-ncs, while in Six(Al2O3)1-x films the recombination via defects prevails due to higher amount of interface defects in the Six(Al2O3)1-x caused by stresses.
Co-sputtered Si-rich SiO2 films annealed at 1150 °C are
studied by photoluminescence and EPR methods. It is found that the
emission spectrum of as-prepared samples contains one broad infrared band.
It is shown that one-year aging in ambient air and low-temperature
annealing in an oxygen atmosphere leads to an increase in the infrared
band intensity and the appearance of additional bands with maxima
at 1.7 eV, 2.06 eV and 2.3 eV while annealing in a hydrogen atmosphere
results in the decrease of the 1.7 eV and 2.06 eV band intensities.
A correlation between the 1.7-eV band intensity and the EPR signal from
EX-centers is found to exist. The decrease of crystallite sizes results
in a high-energy shift of the infrared band while the peak positions of
the other ones (at 1.7 eV, 2.06 eV and 2.3 eV) do not change. The
infrared band is ascribed to recombination in Si crystallites while
the others are attributed to silicon oxide defects, the 1.7-eV and 2.06-eV
bands being due to oxygen-excess defects such as EX-center and NBOHC.
To determine the prevalence of stool colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) among healthcare workers (HCWs) and their families.
Design:
Prospective assessment of fecal colonization with VRE.
Setting:
A 603-bed, tertiary-care teaching hospital.
Participants:
Healthy volunteers recruited from hospital employees and their households were screened to exclude pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppressive disorders, and recent use of antimicrobials.
Intervention:
Self-obtained stool swabs were used to obtain cultures. Isolated enterococci were screened for vancomycin resistance and species were identified. Intra-household isolates were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
Results:
The participants (n = 228; age range, 28 days to 80 years) were from 137 households with and 91 without employees who had contact with patients. Enterococcus species were isolated from 127 stool specimens (55.7%). VRE were detected in 12 individuals, representing 6 E. casseliflavus, 5 E. faecium, and 1 E. gallinarum. VRE were more commonly isolated in employees who had contact with patients (5 of 52 vs 0 of 40; relative risk [RR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.5 to 2.2; P = .07) and their household members (10 of 137 vs 2 of 91; RR, 3.3; CI95, 0.7 to 14.8; P = .13). In 2 households (2 adults in a physician's household and an adult plus a child in a nurse's household) PFGE analysis demonstrated identical intra-household strains of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium.
Conclusions:
VRE colonization was found in 5.3% of screened stools and was more prevalent in HCWs who had contact with patients and their households. Identical PFGE patterns between 2 employees who had contact with patients and their household members demonstrated probable intra-household spread. Although the mode of acquisition was uncertain, the association with employees who had contact with patients suggests possible occupational sources. These findings demonstrate the spread of VRE within the household and implicate occupational risk for its acquisition.
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