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30 results

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  • Ranking Candidates in Local Elections: Neither Panacea nor Catastrophe for Candidates of Color

  • Melody Crowder-Meyer, Shana Kushner Gadarian, Jessica Trounstine
  • Journal: Journal of Experimental Political Science , First View
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 March 2023, pp. 1-18
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  • Electoral rules can affect who wins and who loses elections. Most cities select office holders through plurality rule, but an alternative, ranked-choice voting (RCV), has become increasingly popular. RCV requires voters to rank candidates, instead of simply selecting their most preferred candidate. Observers debate whether RCV will cure a variety of electoral ills or undermine representation. We test the effect of RCV on voter’s choices and perceptions of representation using survey experiments with large, representative samples of respondents. We find that candidates of color are significantly penalized in both plurality and RCV elections, with no significant difference between the rule types. However, providing respondents with candidates’ partisan affiliation significantly increases support for candidates of color.

  • The Geography of Inequality: How Land Use Regulation Produces Segregation

  • JESSICA TROUNSTINE
  • Journal: American Political Science Review / Volume 114 / Issue 2 / May 2020
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 February 2020, pp. 443-455
  • Print publication: May 2020

  • Public goods in the United States are largely funded and delivered at the local level. Local public goods are valuable, but their production requires overcoming several collective action problems including coordinating supply and minimizing congestion, free-riding, and peer effects. Land use regulations, promulgated by local governments, allow communities to solve the collective action problems inherent in the provision of local public goods and maintenance of property values. A consequence of these efforts is residential segregation between cities along racial lines. I provide evidence that more stringent land use regulations are supported by whiter communities and that they preserve racial homogeneity. First, I show that cities that were whiter than their metropolitan area in 1970 are more likely to have restrictive land use patterns in 2006. Then, relying on Federal Fair Housing Act lawsuits to generate changes in land use policy, I show that restrictive land use helps to explain metropolitan area segregation patterns over time. Finally, I draw on precinct level initiative elections from several California cities to show that whiter neighborhoods are more supportive of restricting development. These results strongly suggest that even facially race-neutral land use policies have contributed to racial segregation.

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