There is a well-established relationship between cannabis use and psychosis, although the exact nature of this relationship is not fully understood. Recent studies have observed significant genetic overlap between a diagnosis of schizophrenia and lifetime cannabis use. Expanding on this work, the current study aimed to examine whether genetic overlap also occurs for subclinical psychosis (schizotypy) and cannabis use, as well as examining the phenotypic association between the traits. Phenotypic correlations were calculated for a variety of schizotypy and cannabis phenotypes in the UK Biobank (UKB), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability estimates and genetic correlations were calculated for these UKB phenotypes as well as for several other variables taken from recent genomewide association studies. Positive phenotypic correlations were observed between 11 out of 12 pairs of the cannabis use and schizotypy phenotypes (correlation range .05–.18), indicating a robust association between increased symptoms of schizotypy and cannabis use. SNP-based heritability estimates for two schizotypy phenotypes remained significant after multiple testing correction: social anhedonia (h2SNP = .08, SE = .02, N = 4025) and ever seen an unreal vision (h2SNP = .35, SE = .10, N = 150,717). Finally, one significant genetic correlation was observed between schizotypy and cannabis use, a negative correlation between social anhedonia and number of times used cannabis (rg = −.30, p = .012). The current study suggests the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis is also seen in subclinical symptoms of psychosis, but further research with larger samples is needed to determine the biological mechanisms underlying this association.

Wonderwerk Cave has yielded one of the longest and most complete Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) records for the arid interior of South Africa. This paper presents the results of a new radiocarbon dating program for Excavation 1 that is explored within a Bayesian model of all existing Wonderwerk Cave radiocarbon (14C) dates for the Holocene. The proposed model, using Phases within an OxCal Sequence model, provides robust age estimates for changes in the technological and paleoenvironmental record at the site. The more precise dates allow a comparison of the timing of climate shifts across the interior of southern Africa and begin to allow us to identify whether hiatuses in human occupation, or cultural shifts, are synchronous across broader areas of the subcontinent, or not.

GaN technology has gained a lot of attention in Europe over the last few years for various domains including RF electronics. After a few years of active observation, United Monolithic Semiconductors (UMS) has taken the decision to introduce a GaN technology family in its portfolio. Based on its extensive experience of III–V technology and the intensive support and collaboration with partners and European research institutes, UMS has developed the capability to produce state-of-the-art GaN devices and circuits. The present paper will summarize the current status achieved and illustrate it with a few representative examples. Aspects covering material, devices, and circuits will be addressed.

Since the middle of the 90's, GaN epitaxy techniques have been developed, using either MOCVD or MBE growth methods. A low cost approach is presented aiming at satisfying thermal issues encountered on conventional substrates such as SiC, Sapphire and more recently Silicon. Domain of application are being covered with their associated challenges: RF and High Power applications. Stress engineering is one of the key parameters.

The use and method of intrapartum obstetric analgesia has remained controversial since the late 16th Century. In 1591, during the reign of James, VI, Eufame MacCalzean (a Scottish midwife) was the first to attempt pain relief during labour and childbirth. At that time, the provision of pain relief during labour was an unacceptable medical practice due mainly to religious and social objections. Because of these objections, and historical accounts that claimed the midwife had consulted with a witch during the delivery, both MacCalzean and the midwife were found guilty of witchcraft and subsequently executed.

Modern micro-capital theory offers three major alternative choice theoretic approaches from which a set of market equilibrium prices can be derived. These approaches are:

1. Time-state preference theory of Arrow [1] and Debreu [6],

2. The capital asset pricing model (hereafter CAPM) of Sharpe [34], Lintner [23], and Fama [7],

3. The capital growth model of Kelly [16], Breiman [5], and Latané [17]

Many people on occasion prefer a textual error to an authentic reading. One mistake by a compositor of Melville's White-Jacket—setting “soiled fish of the sea” instead of “coiled fish of the sea”—achieved an adventitious fame some years ago. Various readers have since declared themselves in favor of the error, on the grounds that “soiled fish” makes a richer, more interesting passage than the ordinary “coiled fish of the sea.” In short, the error seems to them to create a better work.

In recent years efforts have been made to analyse the part played by the frontal lobes in the integration of personality. The pioneer work of Bianchi (1922) based on pathological lesions in human subjects, and on experimental bilateral ablations in monkeys, dogs and foxes, still appears to be as true to-day as when originally enunciated. Sherrington (1901) also described the changes following destruction of the frontal lobes. It was noted that such animals lost the power to learn and to enjoy themselves. They had no curiosity, but became restless, hyperactive and easily distracted. Brickner (1936) studied over many years a patient with bilateral frontal lobectomy who showed a diminished ability to synthesize abstract thoughts. Goldstein (1941) found that patients with frontal lobe damage lose their power for abstract thought and this is replaced by concrete behaviour, as shown by object grouping tests and their use of words. Similarly Penfield and Hebb (1940), in a case of extensive lobectomy for an infiltrating oligodendroglioma in an intelligent housewife, described a lack of ability for complex planning, such as is necessary for preparing a meal of several courses. Jefferson (1937) was unable to find any deficiency in cases of unilateral lobectomy. Rylander (1939), on the contrary, after lobectomy for tumours was able to detect changes similar to those found by Goldstein, and in cases with frontal lobe injury he found a lack of social sense. These patients were embarrassingly outspoken, and sometimes showed excessive activity or fatigue. Hebb (1945) concluded that studies on pathological lesions of the frontal lobes were not very helpful, owing to the lack of precision of the lesions due to the uncertain extent of the pathology.