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18 results

  • FC18-04 - Cue-induced brain activation mediates subsequent relapse in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients

  • A. Beck, T. Wüstenberg, J. Wrase-Post, F. Schlagenhauf, S. Vollstädt-Klein, D. Hermann, M.N. Smolka, M. Ruf, W. Weber-Fahr, H. Flor, K. Mann, D.F. Braus, A. Heinz
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 26 / Issue S2 / March 2011
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 April 2020, p. 1913
    • Article
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  • Introduction

    In alcoholism, one relevant mechanism contributing to relapse is the exposure to stimuli that are associated with alcohol intake. Such conditioned cues can elicit conditioned responses like alcohol craving and consumption. In the last decade, considerable progress has been made in identifying basic neuronal mechanisms that underlie cue-induced alcohol craving.

    Objectives/ aims

    We explored whether functional brain activation during exposure to alcohol-associated stimuli is related to the prospective relapse risk in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients.

    Methods

    46 alcohol-dependent and 46 healthy volunteers participated in a fMRI study using a cue reactivity paradigm, in which visual alcohol-related and control stimuli were presented. Patients were followed for 3 months. Afterwards data was analysed regarding the subsequent relapse, resulting in 16 abstainers and 30 relapsers.

    Results

    Alcohol-related versus neutral stimuli activated a frontocortical-limbic network including inferior, medial and middle frontal gyrus as well as putamen in the group of patients relative to healthy controls. Moreover, abstainers showed a stronger activation in orbitofrontal cortex as well as midbrain during the presentation of alcohol-related cues whereas relapsers revealed a stronger activation of cingulate gyrus.

    Conclusions

    This study suggests that cue-induced activation of orbitofrontal cortex and dopaminergic innervated midbrain is negatively associated with the prospective relapse risk in alcohol-dependent patients. This could indicate a more pronounced and conscious processing of alcohol cues which might serve as a warning signal and a behavioural controlling function. In contrast, prospective relapsers showed a stronger activation of cingulate gyrus, a region involved in the attribution of motivational value.

  • Silicon stabilized alumina thin films as gas permeation barriers prepared by spatial atomic layer deposition

  • Sebastian Franke, Sebastian Beck, Reinhard Caspary, Hans-Hermann Johannes, Annemarie Pucci, Wolfgang Kowalsky
  • Journal:
    MRS Advances / Volume 2 / Issue 17 / 2017
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    30 January 2017, pp. 933-938
    Print publication:
    2017

  • The growth mechanism and the barrier performance of Al2O3, SiO2 and a binary Si-Al oxide (SiAlxOy) deposited by spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) were investigated. Alumina and silica were deposited by TMA and BDEAS with growth-per-cycles (GPC) of 0.16 and 0.013 nm, respectively. Interestingly a significant higher GPC of 0.225 nm was found for SiAlxOy. Although alumina in principle has excellent barrier properties, the films easily degraded and lose their barrier performance if exposed to water vapor at elevated temperatures. Therefore, the barrier performances of these films were investigated under harsh environment conditions. We found that the barrier performance of 100 nm Al2O3 failed in less than one day at 70 °C with 70 % relative humidity, whereas 100 nm SiAlxOy sustained for approximately one week. However, the resistivity of those barrier systems was significantly improved by inserting a single 3.3 nm SiO2 layer into the barrier films. In this way the barrier system withstands up to 5 months and the intrinsic water vapor transition rate was reduced by two to three orders of magnitude to ∼10-4 g/m2/day at these tough aging conditions.

  • State and Society in Pre-March Prussia: The Weavers' Uprising, the Bureaucracy, and the Association for the Welfare of Workers

  • Hermann Beck
  • Journal:
    Central European History / Volume 25 / Issue 3 / September 1992
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 December 2008, pp. 303-331
    Print publication:
    September 1992

  • On 19 June 1844, two weeks after the Silesian weavers' uprising, the Vossische Zeitung ran an article on Langenbielau's (one of the centers of the uprising) leading textile manufacturer and the remains of his once stately mansion. “No windows, only the debris of the window pane, mullions and transoms of window crosses are broken or pulled out, where windows were barred, the bars are smashed, here and there doors are crashed or broken up, wrecked equipment is piled up in front of houses, walls are strewn with distinct signs of stone throws … We walk on rubble wherever our foot turns … Furniture, hardly recognizable in the small pieces into which it has been smashed, torn papers and torn wall papers everywhere, beds are cut open, stoves broken apart.”