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50 results

Page 1 of 3

  • A Peculiar Sample: A Reply to Steckel and Ziebarth

  • Jonathan Pritchett, Herman Freudenberger
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Economic History / Volume 76 / Issue 1 / March 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    25 February 2016, pp. 139-162
    Print publication:
    March 2016

  • Richard Steckel and Nicolas Ziebarth (2016) find that biases in height by age imposed by traders versus non-traders were negligible. Importantly, their method of identifying traders differs from that of Jonathan Pritchett and Herman Freudenberger (1992). Using a sample of inward coastwise manifests for the port of New Orleans, we show that Steckel and Ziebarth made errors classifying shippers, that they underestimate the relative number of slaves shipped by traders, and that their empirical estimates of selection bias are attenuated towards zero.

  • Political Centralization and Labour Coercion: Latin America and Russia in Comparative Perspective

  • Mario Pastore, Herman Freudenberger
  • Journal:
    Itinerario / Volume 21 / Issue 1 / March 1997
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 June 2011, pp. 137-156
    Print publication:
    March 1997

  • Government requires coercion, if only to arrest free riding. Physical coercion alone may not suffice for this purpose, however, and ideological means may be needed as well. This basic principle underlies all government. In market economies the coercive capabilities of government may be expected to be financed out of taxes ultimately levied on factor owners' money incomes, that is, on wages, profits, and rent. On the other hand, in economies where markets have not developed due to high transactions costs individuals' contributions to the provision of public goods will take the form of payments in kind and labour services. In this case, the free rider problem suggests labourers will attempt to shirk; the government, therefore, will have to compel labourers to work and, therefore, will appear to be coercing labour even though it may only be seeking to curtail shirking.

  • The Schwarzenberg Bank: A Forgotten Contributor to Austrian Economic Development, 1788–1830

  • Herman Freudenberger
  • Journal:
    Austrian History Yearbook / Volume 27 / January 1996
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 February 2009, pp. 41-64
    Print publication:
    January 1996

  • The supposedly authoritativeÖsterreichisches Staatswörterbuch (1905 edition) states unequivocally that the only joint-stock bank that existed before 1850 was a land bank founded in 1841 by the Galician estates. März, who has written the definitive work on the Credit-Anstalt, also found no place in his otherwise excellent study for the Schwarzenberg Bank, asserting that the Credit-Anstalt was founded simply on the model of the Crédit Mobilier of contemporary France. The only publication that concerned itself with the Schwarzenberg Bank, formally known as the Wiener oktroyirte Commerzial-, Leih- und Wechselbank (Chartered Commercial, Loan, and Exchange Bank of Vienna) in some detail was written in 1918, with the observation that it strongly resembled the Crédit Mobilier type of bank. This work was obviously ignored both in Austria and elsewhere where the history of banking and banks has been discussed.

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