The relationship between three parameters, the Tmax given by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, the illite content in illite-smectite mixed layers (I-S) and the Ku¨bler Index (KI) has been investigated in the Cretaceous–Neogene, sedimentary syn-orogenic successions in the Northern Apennines (Italy). A strong relationship was found between maturity stages of kerogen, illite content in I-S and KI. The oil formation zone for continental organic matter (Type III), delimited by Tmax between 434 and 465ºC, corresponded to rocks with short-range ordering R1, I-S with illite content between 60 and 85% and KI values in the range 0.85–0.65 (ºΔ2θ). Over-mature rocks were characterized by Tmax >465ºC, a long-range ordered I-S with an illite content >85% and KI in the range 0.65–0.45 (ºΔ2θ). The relationship permits use of both mineralogical parameters and Tmax to estimate palaeotemperatures in sedimentary successions and it can be exploited in hydrocarbon research to evaluate the petroleum potential.

Most of the studies aimed at the development of creep-resisting Fe-Al intermetallics have been oriented at application temperatures of the order of 500–650°C, where these materials may compete with conventional stainless steels. The Fe-Al intermetallics are, however, particularly excellent in their oxidation and corrosion resistances at temperatures of the order of 1000°C, where Chromium-Nickel steels are no longer able to withstand the aggressive environments. This presentation is part of a study aimed at the development of good creep resistance at such high temperatures.

Studies of a variety of cast Fe3Al-base alloys, strengthened by solution or precipitate/dispersoid-forming alloying additions, are reported. The alloys show good strength from room temperature to about 500°C, but thereafter strength falls rapidly as thermally-activated deformation processes become operative. Solution additions are capable of producing good low temperature strength, but do not contribute significantly to creep strength at very high temperatures (above 700°C). Precipitation hardening has been examined in Nb-containing alloys, where Fe2Nb Laves precipitates form at intermediate temperatures. These materials show good strength up to about 700°C, but at higher temperatures the fine precipitates coarsen excessively. Strengthening in the intermediate temperature range varies depending on whether the solute is precipitated prior to high temperature testing or concurrent with this.

This paper describes a multiwavelength optical pyrometer designed to measure, with a 3 ns rise-time, the evolution of a fast varying temperature as can be encountered in the detonation products of an explosive. By measuring six luminance temperatures within the visible and near infra-red spectra, this apparatus allows to determine a true surface temperature over the range 1500 to 6000 K. It has been used for studies of detonation in nitromethane, a transparent liquid explosive.

Observational evidence of 3 and 5 min vertical oscillations of a filament on the disk are recorded. Wave activity was observed before, during and after a filament disappearance, inside and around the filament. Both an Hα brightening and, later, a blowing out of a faint soft X-ray (Yohkoh) loop system occuring in connection with a flare were noticed. The wave activity seems to be a dynamically important ingredient of this erupting prominence.

Propagating MHD waves and convective structures bring their energy and momentum from the photosphere towards the chromosphere up to the coronal heights where they are partially reflected and/or dissipated. The transition from the laminar to the turbulent state of the whole prominence enhances the dissipation rate of the external waves inside this system, adding energy to produce the heating and lifting of the plasma. Internal plasma instabilities could trigger this transition in the framework of a prominence disappearance.

GOLF is designed to measure the Global Oscillations of the integrated solar disk, by determining the line-of-sight velocity of the photosphere as a function of time, over the frequency range 10−7 to 10−2 Hz.

The SOHO probe was successfully launched on December 2nd, 1995. The performances of the Atlas II flight, the trajectory and the final injection in the Halo orbit around the L1 Lagrangian point left on board a large amount of hydrazine, allowing the possibility for a mission extension later than the 2 planned years. The operations of the GOLF experiment started on January 16th for a period devoted to the initial tests and to the adjustments of the thermal settings. The effective solar observations started on February 18thand are still running. For the studies presented here below, the data set ends in mid-September. All tables and figures come from the compilation of the data analysis made in several institutes with different methods, and some complementary or additional results are displayed in the poster booklet published from this symposium.