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The epidemiology of autism in adults has relied on untested projections
using childhood research.
Aims
To derive representative estimates of the prevalence of autism and key
associations in adults of all ages and ability levels.
Method
Comparable clinical diagnostic assessments of 7274 Adult Psychiatric
Morbidity Survey participants combined with a population case-register
survey of 290 adults with intellectual disability.
Results
The combined prevalence of autism in adults of all ages in England was
11/1000 (95% CI 3–19/1000). It was higher in those with moderate to
profound intellectual disability (odds ratio (OR) = 63.5, 95% CI
27.4–147.2). Male gender was a strong predictor of autism only in those
with no or mild intellectual disability (adjusted OR = 8.5, 95% CI
2.0–34.9; interaction with gender, P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Few adults with autism have intellectual disability; however, autism is
more prevalent in this population. Autism measures may miss more women
with autism.
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