Lichenochora mediterraneae Calatayud, Nav.-Ros & E. Calvo (Phyllachorales)a new species of non-lichenized lichenicolous fungi, is described from the provinces of Cádiz and León (Spain)growing on Fuscopannaria mediterranea. is mainly characterised by having bispored asci, and 3–4-septate, narrowly cylindrical or bacilliform spores. The new species is compared with L. clauzadei and L. bellemerei, the two previously known species with pluriseptate spores.