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7 results

  • 18 - Designing and Managing Longitudinal Studies

  • from Part IV - Developmental Psychopathology and Longitudinal Methods
  • Edited by Aidan G. C. Wright, University of Pittsburgh, Michael N. Hallquist, Pennsylvania State University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Research Methods in Clinical Psychology
    Published online:
    23 March 2020
    Print publication:
    02 April 2020, pp 230-240

  • Summary

    This chapter outlines critical design decisions for longitudinal research and provides practical tips for managing such studies. It emphasizes that generative longitudinal studies are driven by conceptual and theoretical insights and describes four foundational design issues including questions about time lags and sample sizes. It then provides advice about how to manage a longitudinal study and reduce attrition. The chapter concludes by considering how the advice offered comports with recent discussions about ways to improve psychological science and providing recommended further reading.

  • 4 - Analyzing Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data in Close Relationships

  • from Part I - Foundations for Studying Relationships
  • Edited by Anita L. Vangelisti, University of Texas, Austin, Daniel Perlman, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships
    Published online:
    11 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018, pp 49-64

  • Summary

    In this chapter, we first briefly review the major personality variables that have been studied in the context of close relationships, focusing primarily on romantic relationships. We review both broadband traits (the "Big Five" personality dimensions) and more narrowly defined traits (attachment orientations and regulatory focus orientations). Next, we explain why and how the personality traits of both partners involved in close relationships should shape the relational dynamics that unfold between them, and why studies that adopt dyadic approaches permit greater progress toward understanding the role of personality in relationships than studies that are individual-centered. Following this, we discuss the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM; Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006), which allows researchers to determine whether and how an individual’s relational experiences and outcomes are affected not only by his/her own traits (actor effects), but also by the traits of his/her partner (partner effects) and the combination of both partners’ traits (actor-partner interaction effects). We then review some representative relationship studies that have examined partner effects and/or actor-partner interaction effects, focusing on the Big Five, attachment orientations, and regulatory focus orientations. We conclude the chapter by highlighting promising future directions in which the study of personality and relationships might head.

  • Chapter twenty-two - The Design and Analysis of Data from Dyads and Groups

  • from Part three - Data Analytic Strategies
  • Edited by Harry T. Reis, University of Rochester, New York, Charles M. Judd, University of Colorado Boulder
  • Book:
    Handbook of Research Methods in Social and Personality Psychology
    Published online:
    05 June 2014
    Print publication:
    24 February 2014, pp 589-607

  • Summary

    This chapter explores the promise and pitfalls of using the Internet as a tool to collect data, with a focus on practical and conceptual concerns relevant to social-personality psychologists. It discusses some of the benefits and challenges of collecting data over the Internet, and focuses primarily on using the Internet to recruit participants and collect data. The chapter reviews a practical guidance for implementing online studies. It provides detailed examples of how common study designs within social-personality psychology can be successfully implemented via the Internet. Using an experimental design in an Internet-based study requires translating the random assignment process and the experimental manipulation(s) to a Web-based format. The chapter highlights a few unique options and challenges of Internet-based study design. It also discusses a few but unique ethical concerns which the Internet data collection presents before ending with a discussion on the future opportunities for Internet use in research.

  • 5 - Working With Dyadic Data in Studies of Emerging Adulthood: Specific Recommendations, General Advice, and Practical Tips

  • Edited by Frank D. Fincham, Florida State University, Ming Cui, Florida State University
  • Book:
    Romantic Relationships in Emerging Adulthood
    Published online:
    06 December 2010
    Print publication:
    28 October 2010, pp 67-98

  • Summary

    There is increasing recognition that human development is embedded in interpersonal contexts throughout the lifespan (e.g., Reis, Collins, & Berscheid, 2000), and this is especially true of development during emerging adulthood. Indeed, a salient developmental task of this period is to negotiate the challenges of establishing intimate relationships with romantic partners (Arnett, 2000, 2004). Researchers who pursue studies of relationships during this period of the lifespan therefore need both conceptual and methodological sophistication with respect to dyadic data analysis. Despite the fact that interdependent data present special analytic challenges (e.g., Kashy & Snyder, 1995; Kenny, 1998; Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006), the application of appropriate statistical techniques for dyadic data offers important opportunities to better understand the nature and functioning of relationships. As such, the broad objective of this chapter is to introduce researchers to the methodological and analytic issues that are most relevant when considering dyadic data from romantic couples.

    Our chapter builds on a recent monograph published by Kenny et al. (2006), and we readily acknowledge that a relatively short chapter cannot serve as a substitute for a book-length treatment of the relevant issues. Even so, this chapter expands on some of the most fundamental topics in that book and provides a gentle introduction to the major issues that are prominent when studying romantic dyads.