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Efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of repeated subcutaneous ketamine injections for treatment-resistant depression (KADS study): randomised double-blind active-controlled trial
Colleen Loo, Nick Glozier, David Barton, Bernhard T. Baune, Natalie T. Mills, Paul Fitzgerald, Paul Glue, Shanthi Sarma, Veronica Galvez-Ortiz, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Angelo Alonzo, Vanessa Dong, Donel Martin, Stevan Nikolin, Philip B. Mitchell, Michael Berk, Gregory Carter, Maree Hackett, John Leyden, Sean Hood, Andrew A. Somogyi, Kyle Lapidus, Elizabeth Stratton, Kirsten Gainsford, Deepak Garg, Nicollette L. R. Thornton, Célia Fourrier, Karyn Richardson, Demi Rozakis, Anish Scaria, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Mary Lou Chatterton, William M. McDonald, Philip Boyce, Paul E. Holtzheimer, F. Andrew Kozel, Patricio Riva-Posse, Anthony Rodgers
Journal:

The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 223 / Issue 6 / December 2023

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

14 July 2023, pp. 533-541

Print publication:

December 2023
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Background
Prior trials suggest that intravenous racemic ketamine is a highly effective for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but phase 3 trials of racemic ketamine are needed.
Aims
To assess the acute efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of subcutaneous racemic ketamine in participants with TRD. Trial registration: ACTRN12616001096448 at www.anzctr.org.au.
Method
This phase 3, double-blind, randomised, active-controlled multicentre trial was conducted at seven mood disorders centres in Australia and New Zealand. Participants received twice-weekly subcutaneous racemic ketamine or midazolam for 4 weeks. Initially, the trial tested fixed-dose ketamine 0.5 mg/kg versus midazolam 0.025 mg/kg (cohort 1). Dosing was revised, after a Data Safety Monitoring Board recommendation, to flexible-dose ketamine 0.5–0.9 mg/kg or midazolam 0.025–0.045 mg/kg, with response-guided dosing increments (cohort 2). The primary outcome was remission (Montgomery-Åsberg Rating Scale for Depression score ≤10) at the end of week 4.
Results
The final analysis (those who received at least one treatment) comprised 68 in cohort 1 (fixed-dose), 106 in cohort 2 (flexible-dose). Ketamine was more efficacious than midazolam in cohort 2 (remission rate 19.6% v. 2.0%; OR = 12.1, 95% CI 2.1–69.2, P = 0.005), but not different in cohort 1 (remission rate 6.3% v. 8.8%; OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.2–8.2, P = 0.76). Ketamine was well tolerated. Acute adverse effects (psychotomimetic, blood pressure increases) resolved within 2 h.
Conclusions
Adequately dosed subcutaneous racemic ketamine was efficacious and safe in treating TRD over a 4-week treatment period. The subcutaneous route is practical and feasible.

Chapter 3 - The role of ethos and knowledge in controlling religious deviance
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

Print publication:

16 May 2016, pp 33-44
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Acknowledgements
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp viii-x
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Copyright page
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp iv-iv
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Chapter 5 - The normative discourse in Late Antiquity
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 65-90
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Chapter 6 - The individual in a world of competing religious norms
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 91-102
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Chapter 2 - Creation of religious norms in the late Republic
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 12-32
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Preface
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp vii-vii
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Contents
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp v-vi
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Index
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 136-142
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Chapter 7 - Deviance and individuation: from Cicero to Theodosius
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 103-114
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Chapter 4 - De superstitione: religious experiences best not had in temples
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 45-64
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Index
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

Print publication:

16 May 2016, pp 133-135
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Bibliography
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 115-132
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Chapter 1 - Superstitio: conceptions of religious deviance in Roman antiquity
Jörg Rüpke, Universität Erfurt, Germany
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Book:

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016, pp 1-11
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Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Superstition or Individuality?
Jörg Rüpke
Translated by David M. B. Richardson
Published online:

05 May 2016

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16 May 2016
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Religious individuality is not restricted to modernity. This book offers a new reading of the ancient sources in order to find indications for the spectrum of religious practices and intensified forms of such practices only occasionally denounced as 'superstition'. Authors from Cicero in the first century BC to the law codes of the fourth century AD share the assumption that authentic and binding communication between individuals and gods is possible and widespread, even if problematic in the case of divination or the confrontation with images of the divine. A change in practices and assumptions throughout the imperial period becomes visible. It might be characterised as 'individualisation' and informed the Roman law of religions. The basic constellation - to give freedom of religion and to regulate religion at the same time - resonates even into modern bodies of law and is important for juridical conflicts today.

Contributors
- By John A. Bargh, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Veronica Benet-Martínez, Elliot T. Berkman, Jim Blascovich, Marilynn B. Brewer, Heining Cham, Tanya L. Chartrand, Robert B. Cialdini, William D. Crano, William A. Cunningham, Rick Dale, Jan De Houwer, Alice H. Eagly, J. Mark Eddy, Craig K. Enders, Leandre R. Fabrigar, Susan T. Fiske, Shelly L. Gable, Bertram Gawronski, Kevin J. Grimm, K. Paige Harden, Richard E. Heyman, Oliver P. John, Blair T. Johnson, Charles M. Judd, Deborah A. Kashy, David A. Kenny, Norbert L. Kerr, Nuri Kim, Jon A. Krosnick, Paul J. Lavrakas, Matthew D. Lieberman, Kristen A. Lindquist, Todd D. Little, Yu Liu, Michael F. Lorber, Michael R. Maniaci, Kerry L. Marsh, Gina L. Mazza, Gary H. McClelland, Dominique Muller, Elizabeth Levy Paluck, Karen S. Quigley, Harry T. Reis, Mijke Rhemtulla, Michael J. Richardson, Ronald D. Rogge, Alexander M. Schoemann, Eliot R. Smith, R. Scott Tindale, Eric Turkheimer, Penny S. Visser, Duane T. Wegener, Stephen G. West, Tessa V. West, Keith F. Widaman, Vincent Y. Yzerbyt
Edited by Harry T. Reis, University of Rochester, New York, Charles M. Judd, University of Colorado Boulder
Book:

Handbook of Research Methods in Social and Personality Psychology

Published online:

05 June 2014

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24 February 2014, pp vii-viii
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Contributors
- By Chittima Aryuthaka, William J. Baker, Chris Banks, David R. Bellwood, David Bickford, Rafe M. Brown, Mark de Bruyn, Patrick Campbell, Charles H. Cannon, Gary R. Carvalho, Craig M. Costion, Thomas L. P. Couvreur, Ben J. Evans, Nicholas J. Evans, Matthias Glaubrecht, David J. Gower, Robert Hall, Fabian Herder, Aljosja Hooijer, Agata Hoscilo, Chawaporn Jittanoon, Kenneth G. Johnson, Michael A. Kendall, Peter B. Mather, Yaowaluk Monthum, Robert J. Morley, Alexandra N. Muellner, Vincent Nijman, Les R. Noble, Kevin M. O’Neill, Susan Page, Gordon L. J. Paterson, Sinlan Poo, Mary Rose C. Posa, Richard Ree, Willem Renema, James E. Richardson, Jack Rieley, Kristina von Rintelen, Thomas von Rintelen, Brian R. Rosen, Lukas Rüber, Christoph D. Schubart, Chris R. Shepherd, Bryan L. Stuart, Matthew Todd, Campbell O. Webb, Suzanne T. Williams, John van Wyhe
Edited by David Gower, Natural History Museum, London, Kenneth Johnson, Natural History Museum, London, James Richardson, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Brian Rosen, Natural History Museum, London, Lukas Rüber, Suzanne Williams, Natural History Museum, London
Book:

Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia

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05 August 2012

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19 July 2012, pp vii-x
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Contributors
- By Yasir Abu-Omar, Matthew E. Atkins, Joseph E. Arrowsmith, Alan Ashworth, Rubia Baldassarri, Craig R. Bailey, David J. Barron, Christiana C. Burt, David Cardone, Coralie Carle, Jose Coddens, Alan M. Cohen, Simon Colah, Sarah Conolly, David J. Daly, Helen M. Daly, Stefan G. De Hert, Ravi J. De Silva, Mark Dougherty, John J. Dunning, Maros Elsik, Betsy Evans, Florian Falter, Nigel Farnum, Jens Fassl, Juliet E. Foweraker, Simon P. Fynn, Andrew I. Gardner, Margaret I. Gillham, Martin J. Goddard, Maximilien J. Gourdin, Jon Graham, Stephen J. Gray, Cameron Graydon, Fabio Guarracino, Roger M. O. Hall, Michael Haney, Charles W. Hogue, Ben W. Howes, Bevan Hughes, Siân I. Jaggar, David P. Jenkins, Jörn Karhausen, Todd Kiefer, Khalid Khan, Andrew A. Klein, John D. Kneeshaw, Andrew C. Knowles, Catherine V. Koffel, R. Clive Landis, Trevor W. R. Lee, Clive J. Lewis, Jonathan H. Mackay, Amod Manocha, Jonathan B. Mark, Sarah Marstin, William T. McBride, Kenneth H. McKinlay, Alan F. Merry, Berend Mets, Britta Millhoff, Kevin P. Morris, Samer A. M. Nashef, Andrew Neitzel, Stephane Noble, Rabi Panigrahi, Barbora Parizkova, J. M. Tom Pierce, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Hans-Joachim Priebe, Paul Quinton, C. Ramaswamy Rajamohan, Doris M. Rassl, Tom Rawlings, Fiona E. Reynolds, Andrew J. Richardson, David Riddington, Andrew Roscoe, Paul H. M. Sadleir, Ving Yuen See Tho, Herve Schlotterbeck, Maura Screaton, Shitalkumar Shah, Harjot Singh, Jon H. Smith, M. L. Srikanth, Yeewei W. Teo, Kamen P. Valchanov, Jean-Pierre van Besouw, Isabeau A. Walker, Stephen T. Webb, Francis C. Wells, John Whitbread, Charles Willmott, Patrick Wouters
Edited by Jonathan H. Mackay, Joseph E. Arrowsmith
Book:

Core Topics in Cardiac Anesthesia

Published online:

05 April 2012

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15 March 2012, pp x-xiii
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Efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of repeated subcutaneous ketamine injections for treatment-resistant depression (KADS study): randomised double-blind active-controlled trial

Chapter 3 - The role of ethos and knowledge in controlling religious deviance

Acknowledgements

Copyright page

Chapter 5 - The normative discourse in Late Antiquity

Chapter 6 - The individual in a world of competing religious norms

Chapter 2 - Creation of religious norms in the late Republic

Preface

Contents

Index

Chapter 7 - Deviance and individuation: from Cicero to Theodosius

Chapter 4 - De superstitione: religious experiences best not had in temples

Index

Bibliography

Chapter 1 - Superstitio: conceptions of religious deviance in Roman antiquity

Religious Deviance in the Roman World

Contributors

Contributors

Contributors

Contributors

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Religious Deviance in the Roman World