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  • STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE STABLE CORE
  • Part of
  • SY-DAVID FRIEDMAN, VICTORIA GITMAN, SANDRA MÜLLER
  • Journal: The Journal of Symbolic Logic , First View
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 April 2023, pp. 1-30
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    The stable core, an inner model of the form $\langle L[S],\in , S\rangle $ for a simply definable predicate S, was introduced by the first author in [8], where he showed that V is a class forcing extension of its stable core. We study the structural properties of the stable core and its interactions with large cardinals. We show that the $\operatorname {GCH} $ can fail at all regular cardinals in the stable core, that the stable core can have a discrete proper class of measurable cardinals, but that measurable cardinals need not be downward absolute to the stable core. Moreover, we show that, if large cardinals exist in V, then the stable core has inner models with a proper class of measurable limits of measurables, with a proper class of measurable limits of measurable limits of measurables, and so forth. We show this by providing a characterization of natural inner models $L[C_1, \dots , C_n]$ for specially nested class clubs $C_1, \dots , C_n$ , like those arising in the stable core, generalizing recent results of Welch [29].

  • 6 - Vertical Integration of Physicians and Hospitals
  • Mark Pauly, University of Pennsylvania, Flaura Winston, Mary Naylor, Kevin Volpp, Lawton Robert Burns, University of Pennsylvania, Ralph Muller, David Asch, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Rachel Werner, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Bimal Desai, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Krisda Chaiyachati, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Benjamin Chartock, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Seemed Like a Good Idea
  • Published online: 14 July 2022
  • Print publication: 28 July 2022, pp 161-245
  • View extract

    Summary

    There has been growing interest in the vertical integration of physicians and hospitals during the past decade, as evidenced by multiple literature reviews and research investigations.1 Historically, physicians operated small firms that provided “physicians’ services” to patients who sometimes used facilities provided by separate hospital firms at which many physicians would have “privileges.” This interest in combining the two types of organizations culminated in a December 2020 issue of Health Services Research devoted to the topic that expressed surprise (and disappointment) that integration is not “a miracle cure”.2 Just months earlier, two of the major proponents of vertical integration published a study in the August issue of Health Affairs that came to a similar, “startling” conclusion: the financial integration of physicians and hospitals (e.g., via employment) had no impact on their clinical integration (and perhaps none on quality).

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