This chapter presents the multi-scale co-creation methodology used in SURE-Farm to involve stakeholders with the aim of assessing the resilience of European farming systems. This methodology resulted in a wide range of valuable insights and allowed to identify convergent and divergent stakeholders’ perceptions with possible policy implications.

Current agricultural systems in Europe are locked in to environmentally unsustainable practices due to a range of institutional, cultural, social and financial factors. These are compounded by environmental challenges. This chapter assesses three case studies in Europe and their respective stakeholder perspectives on challenges and potential solutions towards greater environmental sustainability.

The extensive sheep farming system (FS) in Huesca has shown a low resilience capacity to deal with the multiple challenges that it is facing. Policies should support the provision of public goods and be flexible to support diverse resilience-enabling strategies. Research about indicators to measure the provision of public goods, innovation to foster herd and pasture management, and strengthening collaboration between actors in the FS have to accompany policy initiatives.