Objectives: A growing body of research suggests that regular participation in long-term exercise is associated with enhanced cognitive function. However, less is known about the beneficial effects of acute exercise on semantic memory. This study investigated brain activation during a semantic memory task after a single session of exercise in healthy older adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Using a within-subjects counterbalanced design, 26 participants (ages, 55–85 years) underwent two experimental visits on separate days. During each visit, participants engaged in 30 min of rest or stationary cycling exercise immediately before performing a Famous and Non-Famous name discrimination task during fMRI scanning. Results: Acute exercise was associated with significantly greater semantic memory activation (Famous>Non-Famous) in the middle frontal, inferior temporal, middle temporal, and fusiform gyri. A planned comparison additionally showed significantly greater activation in the bilateral hippocampus after exercise compared to rest. These effects were confined to correct trials, and as expected, there were no differences between conditions in response time or accuracy. Conclusions: Greater brain activation following a single session of exercise suggests that exercise may increase neural processes underlying semantic memory activation in healthy older adults. These effects were localized to the known semantic memory network, and thus do not appear to reflect a general or widespread increase in brain blood flow. Coupled with our prior exercise training effects on semantic memory-related activation, these data suggest the acute increase in neural activation after exercise may provide a stimulus for adaptation over repeated exercise sessions. (JINS, 2019, 25, 557–568)

The current I flowing in the steady electrocapillary discharge of saturated aqueous and alcohol solutions of sodium chloride was found to be proportional to e−α/V, where V is the applied potential and α is a constant under fixed experimental conditions.

Anomalous propagation (anaprop), analogous to the upper mirage in the visual wavelengths, is still a major problem in radar meteorology. This phenomenon assumes particular importance in automatic recognition and estimation of rainfall. Anaprop echoes from terrain features such as hills and coasts often give echoes up to 50-60 dBZ, equivalent to heavy rain or hail in severe thunderstorms. Anaprop echoes from sea waves may be comparable in strength to those from moderate precipitation and also form similar patterns. Based on the evidence that the vertical reflectivity profile of precipitation is quite different from the anaprop profile, two methods for anaprop identification are presented. The method proposed by the Servizio Meteorologico Regionale (SMR, Italy) simply uses the operational scan procedure to discriminate between precipitation and anaprop. At the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute an ‘ad hoc’ scan strategy has been developed in order to obtain much more detail of the lowest reflectivity profile. A number of statistical parameters have been used to achieve a better discrimination between precipitation, land and sea clutter. A number of case studies, representing different echo intensities and patterns, and including a case of anaprop with embedded precipitation, are presented to assess the impact of these methods.

The Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has detected more than 20 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) at photon energies above 30 MeV.

Polymeric prosthetic devices enjoy the advantage of tailor-made properties. In particular bioabsorbable polymers possess distinct advantages. In orthopedic applications, most osteosynthesis has been achieved using metallic devices to stabilize fixation of bony fragments. The different elastic moduli of the metallic implants versus that of bone often causes cortical bone to atrophy. The theoretical advantage of gradual load transfer from the fixation device to the bone and the elimination of surgical removal after the healing of a fracture make an absorbable osteosynthetic material extremely useful. A resorbable porous coating material would also have the potential of improving fixation by promoting bony ingrowth and reducing cartilage destruction. The structural support function of a polymeric device can also be integrated with the drug-carrier function to take advantage of the recently discovered growth factors such as bone morphogenic proteins in enhancing bone union.

The effect of the implantation of oxygen ions on the density of states in the mobility gap of n type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) is studied using drive-level capacitance profiling, deep-level transient spectroscopy( DLTS), and transient voltage-pulse photocapacitance. After implantation, we observe a broadening of both the conduction and valence band tails and an increase in the dangling bond density near midgap, as well as a shift of the Fermi level toward midgap by approximately 100 meV in two out of the throe films studied. We also observed the addition of a distinct defect band at approximately 0.7 eV below the conduction nd mobility edge in films implanted with oxygen doses greater than 1012 cm−2.