We evaluated the use of nesiritide in children with critical CHD, pulmonary congestion, and inadequate urine output despite undergoing conventional diuretic therapy.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 11 patients with critical CHD, comprising 18 infusions, each of which occurred during separate hospitalisations. Haemodynamic parameters were assessed, and the stage of acute kidney injury was determined before and throughout the duration of therapy using a standardised definition of acute kidney injury – The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria.

Children with critical CHD, pulmonary congestion, and inadequate urinary output despite undergoing diuretic therapy were included.

The use of nesiritide was associated with a significant decrease in the maximum and minimum heart rate values and with a trend towards a significant decrease in maximum systolic blood pressure and maximum and minimum central venous pressures. Urine output increased but was not significant. Serum creatinine levels decreased significantly during the course of therapy (−0.26 mg/dl [−0.50, 0.0], p=0.02), and the number of patients who experienced a decrease in the stage of acute kidney injury of 2 or more – where a change in the stage of acute kidney disease of 2 or more was possible, that is, baseline stage >1 – was highly significant (five of 12 patients, 42%, p<0.001).

Nesiritide had a favourable impact on haemodynamics, and its use was not associated with deterioration of renal function in patients with critical CHD.