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17 results

  • Modelling the potential non-breeding distribution of Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea

  • TOM BRADFER-LAWRENCE, ALISON E. BERESFORD, GUY Q. A. ANDERSON, PYAE PHYO AUNG, QING CHANG, SAYAM U. CHOWDHURY, NIGEL A. CLARK, YURI N. GERASIMOV, RHYS E. GREEN, GEOFF M. HILTON, BAZ HUGHES, ELENA G. LAPPO, JING LI, EVGENY E. SYROECHKOVSKIY, PAVEL S. TOMKOVICH, CHRISTOPH ZOCKLER, GRAEME M. BUCHANAN
  • Journal: Bird Conservation International / Volume 31 / Issue 2 / June 2021
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 September 2020, pp. 169-184
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  • The Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea is a ‘Critically Endangered’ migratory shorebird. The species faces an array of threats in its non-breeding range, making conservation intervention essential. However, conservation efforts are reliant on identifying the species’ key stopover and wintering sites. Using Maximum Entropy models, we predicted Spoon-billed Sandpiper distribution across the non-breeding range, using data from recent field surveys and satellite tracking. Model outputs suggest only a limited number of stopover sites are suitable for migrating birds, with sites in the Yellow Sea and on the Jiangsu coast in China highlighted as particularly important. All the previously known core wintering sites were identified by the model including the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, Nan Thar Island and the Gulf of Mottama. In addition, the model highlighted sites subsequently found to be occupied, and pinpointed potential new sites meriting investigation, notably on Borneo and Sulawesi, and in parts of India and the Philippines. A comparison between the areas identified as most likely to be occupied and protected areas showed that very few locations are covered by conservation designations. Known sites must be managed for conservation as a priority, and potential new sites should be surveyed as soon as is feasible to assess occupancy status. Site protection should take place in concert with conservation interventions including habitat management, discouraging hunting, and fostering alternative livelihoods.

  • Patient-level predictors of detection of depressive symptoms, referral, and uptake of depression counseling among chronic care patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

  • Christopher G. Kemp, Ntokozo Mntambo, Max Bachmann, Arvin Bhana, Deepa Rao, Merridy Grant, James P. Hughes, Jane M. Simoni, Bryan J. Weiner, Sithabisile Gugulethu Gigaba, Zamasomi Prudence Busisiwe Luvuno, Inge Petersen
  • Journal: Cambridge Prisms: Global Mental Health / Volume 7 / 2020
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 July 2020, e18
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  • Background

    Integration of depression treatment into primary care could improve patient outcomes in low-resource settings. Losses along the depression care cascade limit integrated service effectiveness. This study identified patient-level factors that predicted detection of depressive symptoms by nurses, referral for depression treatment, and uptake of counseling, as part of integrated care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

    Methods

    This was an analysis of baseline data from a prospective cohort. Participants were adult patients with at least moderate depressive symptoms at primary care facilities in Amajuba, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were screened for depressive symptoms prior to routine assessment by a nurse. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between patient characteristics and service delivery outcomes.

    Results

    Data from 412 participants were analyzed. Nurses successfully detected depressive symptoms in 208 [50.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 38.9–62.0] participants; of these, they referred 76 (36.5%, 95% CI 20.3–56.5) for depression treatment; of these, 18 (23.7%, 95% CI 10.7–44.6) attended at least one session of depression counseling. Depressive symptom severity, alcohol use severity, and perceived stress were associated with detection. Similar factors did not drive referral or counseling uptake.

    Conclusions

    Nurses detected patients with depressive symptoms at rates comparable to primary care providers in high-resource settings, though gaps in referral and uptake persist. Nurses were more likely to detect symptoms among patients in more severe mental distress. Implementation strategies for integrated mental health care in low-resource settings should target improved rates of detection, referral, and uptake.