This chapter reviews the contribution of the learning sciences to teacher learning research, with particular consideration of how cognitive, sociocognitive, sociocultural, and improvement-focused perspectives extend teacher learning research. Learning scientists study all phases of teacher learning, including preservice education (before becoming a teacher), the first few years of teaching, and ongoing mastery throughout the career. Research often focuses on teaching practices – what teachers do in the classroom and how they move from novice to expert performance. Teacher learning can be supported through collaboration with other teachers in a professional learning community (PLC); through coaching and mentoring; through videos of expert teaching practice; and through educative curriculum materials.

Teacher learning is an active area for research in education, and although the learning sciences have not been primarily focused on teacher learning, teacher education, or professional development, we argue that the perspectives our field brings to the study of teachers' learning offer great promise. Learning sciences researchers – guided by the cognitive, sociocognitive, sociocultural, and systems-oriented perspectives that are prevalent in our field – have made contributions to and extended research on teacher learning in new and significant directions.

Fostering change in classroom learning and teaching is a central concern of the learning sciences, and teachers are a cornerstone of nearly all formal instructional systems. Teachers are the ultimate interpreters of any classroom-based intervention, and are responsible for a large amount of variance in the effects of instructional interventions – this is known as the “teacher effect” (Nye, Konstantopoulos, & Hedges, 2004). If learning sciences researchers are interested in translating research into practice to effect change at the classroom level – and we believe that they are – it is imperative that the field pay careful attention to how teachers learn their craft and learn to effectively enact the innovations (technologies, curricula, etc.) that emerge from learning sciences research (Fishman et al., 2004).