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13 results

  • Depressed mood and anxiety as risk factors for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Matthew Shay, Anna L. MacKinnon, Amy Metcalfe, Gerald Giesbrecht, Tavis Campbell, Kara Nerenberg, Suzanne Tough, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 50 / Issue 13 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 September 2020, pp. 2128-2140
  • Background

    Psychosocial factors have been implicated as both a cause and consequence of hypertension in the general population but are less understood in relation to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The aims of this review were to (1) synthesize the existing literature examining associations between depression and/or anxiety in pregnancy and HDP and (2) assess if depression and/or anxiety in early pregnancy was a risk factor for HDP.

    Methods

    A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO was conducted from inception to March 2020 using terms related to ‘pregnancy’, ‘anxiety’, ‘depression’, and ‘hypertensive disorders’. English-language cohort and case-control studies were included if they reported: (a) the presence or absence of clinically significant symptoms of depression/anxiety, or a medical record diagnosis of depression or an anxiety disorder in pregnancy; (b) diagnosis of HDP; and/or (c) data comparing the depressed/anxious group to the non-depressed/anxious group on HDP. Data related to depression/anxiety, HDP, study characteristics, and aspects related to study quality were extracted independently by two reviewers. Random-effects meta-analyses of estimated pooled relative risks (RRs) were conducted for depression/anxiety in pregnancy and HDP.

    Results

    In total, 6291 citations were retrieved, and 44 studies were included across 61.2 million pregnancies. Depression and/or anxiety were associated with HDP [RR = 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–1.54].

    Conclusions

    When measurement of anxiety or depression preceded diagnosis of hypertension, the association remained (RR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.07–1.50). Women experiencing depression or anxiety in pregnancy have an increased prevalence of HDP compared to their non-depressed or non-anxious counterparts.

  • [no title]

  • Anna Tavis
  • Journal:
    Slavic Review / Volume 54 / Issue 4 / Winter 1995
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    27 January 2017, p. 1156
    Print publication:
    Winter 1995
    • Article
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  • Russia in Rilke: Rainer Maria Rilke's Correspondence with Marina Tsvetaeva

  • Anna A. Tavis
  • Journal:
    Slavic Review / Volume 52 / Issue 3 / Fall 1993
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    27 January 2017, pp. 494-511
    Print publication:
    Fall 1993

  • Rainer Maria Rilke's widely celebrated fiftieth birthday in December 1925 and his sudden death on 29 December 1926 framed his correspondence with members of Boris Pasternak's family and Marina Tsvetaeva- Efron, for which Leonid Pasternak's initial greetings to his old Moscow friend and Rilke's prompt reply had set the stage. It was agreed that Rilke's letters from Switzerland would be sent to Boris Pasternak in Moscow via Marina Tsvetaeva in Paris. Against all historical and political odds, the three poets decided to form a union, the last one, perhaps, of an era which still believed that the making of poetry equaled the making of life. Rilke's participation in this association reassured uprooted Russian writers of their continuing link with European culture and history.