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71 results

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  • Automotive IVHM: Towards Intelligent Personalised Systems Healthcare
  • Felician Campean, Daniel Neagu, Aleksandr Doikin, Morteza Soleimani, Thomas Byrne, Andrew Sherratt
  • Journal: Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design / Volume 1 / Issue 1 / July 2019
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 July 2019, pp. 857-866
  • Print publication: July 2019
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    Underpinned by a contemporary view of automotive systems as cyber-physical systems, characterised by progressively open architectures increasingly defined by their interaction with the users and the smart environment, this paper provides a critical and up-to-date review of automotive Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) systems. The paper discusses the challenges with prognostics and intelligent health management of automotive systems, and proposes a high-level framework, referred to as the Automotive Healthcare Analytic Factory, to systematically collect and process heterogeneous data from across the product lifecycle, towards actionable insight for personalised healthcare of systems.

  • Shared and specific genetic risk factors for lifetime major depression, depressive symptoms and neuroticism in three population-based twin samples
  • Kenneth S. Kendler, Charles O. Gardner, Michael C. Neale, Steve Aggen, Andrew Heath, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Baptiste Couvyduchesne, Enda M. Byrne, Nicholas G. Martin, Nathan A. Gillespie
  • Journal: Psychological Medicine / Volume 49 / Issue 16 / December 2019
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 December 2018, pp. 2745-2753
  • Print publication: December 2019
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    Background

    Vulnerability to depression can be measured in different ways. We here examine how genetic risk factors are inter-related for lifetime major depression (MD), self-report current depressive symptoms and the personality trait Neuroticism.

    Method

    We obtained data from three population-based adult twin samples (Virginia n = 4672, Australia #1 n = 3598 and Australia #2 n = 1878) to which we fitted a common factor model where risk for ‘broadly defined depression’ was indexed by (i) lifetime MD assessed at personal interview, (ii) depressive symptoms, and (iii) neuroticism. We examined the proportion of genetic risk for MD deriving from the common factor v. specific to MD in each sample and then analyzed them jointly. Structural equation modeling was conducted in Mx.

    Results

    The best fit models in all samples included additive genetic and unique environmental effects. The proportion of genetic effects unique to lifetime MD and not shared with the broad depression common factor in the three samples were estimated as 77, 61, and 65%, respectively. A cross-sample mega-analysis model fit well and estimated that 65% of the genetic risk for MD was unique.

    Conclusion

    A large proportion of genetic risk factors for lifetime MD was not, in the samples studied, captured by a common factor for broadly defined depression utilizing MD and self-report measures of current depressive symptoms and Neuroticism. The genetic substrate for MD may reflect neurobiological processes underlying the episodic nature of its cognitive, motor and neurovegetative manifestations, which are not well indexed by current depressive symptom and neuroticism.

  • High expectancy and early response produce optimal effects in sertraline treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder
  • Belinda Graham, Natalia M. Garcia, Mark S. Burton, Andrew A. Cooper, Peter P. Roy-Byrne, Matig R. Mavissakalian, Norah C. Feeny, Lori A. Zoellner
  • Journal: The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 213 / Issue 6 / December 2018
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 October 2018, pp. 704-708
  • Print publication: December 2018
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    Background

    Better indicators of prognosis are needed to personalise post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments.

    Aims

    We aimed to evaluate early symptom reduction as a predictor of better outcome and examine predictors of early response.

    Method

    Patients with PTSD (N = 134) received sertraline or prolonged exposure in a randomised trial. Early response was defined as 20% PTSD symptom reduction by session two and good end-state functioning defined as non-clinical levels of PTSD, depression and anxiety.

    Results

    Early response rates were similar in prolonged exposure and sertraline (40 and 42%), but in sertraline only, early responders were four times more likely to achieve good end-state functioning at post-treatment (Number Needed to Treat = 1.8, 95% CI 1.28–3.00) and final follow-up (Number Needed to Treat = 3.1, 95% CI 1.68–16.71). Better outcome expectations of sertraline also predicted higher likelihood of early response.

    Conclusions

    Higher expectancy of sertraline coupled with early response may produce a cascade-like effect for optimal conditions for long-term symptom reduction. Therefore, assessing expectations and providing clear treatment rationales may optimise sertraline effects.

    Declaration of interest:

    None.

Peoples' Tribunals and International Law
  • Peoples' Tribunals and International Law
  • Edited by Andrew Byrnes, Gabrielle Simm
  • Published online: 28 December 2017
  • Print publication: 11 January 2018
  • View description
    Peoples' Tribunals and International Law is the first book to analyse how civil society tribunals implement and develop international law. With contributions covering tribunals in Europe, Latin America and Asia, this edited collection provides cross-disciplinary academic and activist perspectives and unique insights into the phenomenon of peoples' tribunals. Written by academics in law, anthropology and international relations, it also incorporates the reflections of civil society activists and advocates on peoples' tribunals. The collection includes chapters ranging from the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal, successor to the Bertrand Russell Tribunal established to question the legality of the Vietnam War, to recent tribunals addressing atrocities in Soeharto's Indonesia and violations against migrants in Europe. Peoples' Tribunals and International Law offers the first sustained analysis of the different approaches to international law in tribunal proceedings. It will interest scholars of law, criminology, human rights, politics, sociology, anthropology and international relations.
Medieval into Renaissance
  • Medieval into Renaissance
  • Essays for Helen Cooper
  • Published by: Boydell & Brewer
  • Published online: 05 July 2016
  • Print publication: 19 May 2016
  • View description
    The borderline between the periods commonly termed "medieval" and "Renaissance", or "medieval" and "early modern", is one of the most hotly, energetically and productively contested faultlines in literary history studies. The essays presented in this volume both build upon and respond to the work of Professor Helen Cooper, a scholar who has long been committed to exploring the complex connectionsand interactions between medieval and Renaissance literature. The contributors re-examine a range of ideas, authors and genres addressed in her work, including pastoral, chivalric romance, early English drama, and the writings of Chaucer, Langland, Spenser and Shakespeare. As a whole, the volume aims to stimulate active debates on the ways in which Renaissance writers used, adapted, and remembered aspects of the medieval.

    Andrew King is Lecturer in Medieval and Renaissance Literature at University College, Cork; Matthew Woodcock is Senior Lecturer in Medieval and Renaissance Literature at the University of East Anglia.

    Contributors: Joyce Boro, Aisling Byrne, Nandini Das, Mary C. Flannery, Alexandra Gillespie, Andrew King, Megan G. Leitch, R.W. Maslen, Jason Powell,Helen Vincent, James Wade, Matthew Woodcock

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