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24 results

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  • Can ship travel contain COVID-19 outbreak after re-opening: a Bayesian meta-analysis

  • Chen-Yang Hsu, Jia-Kun Chen, Paul S. Wikramaratna, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Sam Li-Sheng Chen, Hsiu-Hsi Chen, Chao-Chih Lai
  • Journal: Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 151 / 2023
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 May 2023, e99
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  • Large gatherings of people on cruise ships and warships are often at high risk of COVID-19 infections. To assess the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 on warships and cruise ships and to quantify the effectiveness of the containment measures, the transmission coefficient (β), basic reproductive number (R0), and time to deploy containment measures were estimated by the Bayesian Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered model. A meta-analysis was conducted to predict vaccine protection with or without non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). The analysis showed that implementing NPIs during voyages could reduce the transmission coefficients of SARS-CoV-2 by 50%. Two weeks into the voyage of a cruise that begins with 1 infected passenger out of a total of 3,711 passengers, we estimate there would be 45 (95% CI:25-71), 33 (95% CI:20-52), 18 (95% CI:11-26), 9 (95% CI:6-12), 4 (95% CI:3-5), and 2 (95% CI:2-2) final cases under 0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% vaccine protection, respectively, without NPIs. The timeliness of strict NPIs along with implementing strict quarantine and isolation measures is imperative to contain COVID-19 cases in cruise ships. The spread of COVID-19 on ships was predicted to be limited in scenarios corresponding to at least 70% protection from prior vaccination, across all passengers and crew.

  • Novel Multidisciplinary Vascular Access Team Helps to Improve ICU Workflow Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic

  • Anna K. Hackett, Celia M. Wells, Rohit Gupta, Ziya Zhang, Amy Brito, Natalie B. Kirton, Christy C. Chan, Kester Brown, Caitlin Wong, Kayla M. Leonardi, Atinuke Shittu, Cappi Lay, Roopa Kohli-Seth
  • Journal: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 16 / Issue 6 / December 2022
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 May 2022, pp. 2416-2418
  • Objective:

    The surge in critically ill patients has pressured hospitals to expand their intensive care unit capacities and critical care staff. This was difficult given the country’s shortage of intensivists. This paper describes the implementation of a multidisciplinary central line placement team and its impact in reducing the vascular access workload of ICU physicians during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Methods:

    Vascular surgeons, interventionalists, and anesthesiologists, were redeployed to the ICU Access team to place central and arterial lines. Nurses with expertise in vascular access were recruited to the team to streamline consultation and assist with line placement.

    Results:

    While 51 central and arterial lines were placed per 100 ICU patients in 2019, there were 87 central and arterial lines placed per 100 COVID-19 ICU patients in the sole month of April, 2020. The ICU Access Team placed 107 of the 226 vascular access devices in April 2020, reducing the procedure-related workload of ICU treating teams by 46%.

    Conclusions:

    The ICU Access Team was able to complete a large proportion of vascular access insertions without reported complications. Given another mass casualty event, this ICU Access Team could be reassembled to rapidly meet the increased vascular access needs of patients.

The Right To Parody
  • Comparative Analysis of Copyright and Free Speech
  • Amy Lai
  • Published online: 15 December 2018
  • Print publication: 03 January 2019
  • In The Right to Parody: Comparative Analysis of Free and Fair Speech, Amy Lai examines the right to parody as a natural right in free speech and copyright, proposes a legal definition of parody that respects the interests of rights holders and accommodates the public's right to free expression, and describes mechanisms to ensure that parody will best serve this purpose. Combining philosophical inquiry with robust legal analysis, the book draws upon examples from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, and Hong Kong. While it caters to scholars in intellectual property and constitutional law, as well as free speech advocates, it is written in a non-specialist language designed to appeal to any reader interested in how the boom in online parodies and memes relates to free speech and copyright.

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