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2 results

  • 13 - National Cohesion in Africa
  • from Part III - Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
  • Edited by Hiroyuki Hino, Arnim Langer, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, John Lonsdale, University of Cambridge, Frances Stewart, University of Oxford
  • Book: From Divided Pasts to Cohesive Futures
  • Published online: 05 August 2019
  • Print publication: 22 August 2019, pp 403-425
  • View extract

    Summary

    This chapter suggests that social, political, institutional and demographic changes already observable in Africa hold out the possibility of national futures in which the manipulation of ethnic difference could cease to be the main route to political power. In the first of four sections it is argued that, although ethnic allegiances are powerful there are other, situational, identities round which human interests may gather. It is shown, secondly, that there is no single model or measure that can reliably relate ethnic diversity to economic development or the nature of governance. Since the early postcolonial years of “nation-building”, third, many civil society organisations have arisen in Africa, to promote not only ethnic interests but also such heterogeneous group identities as the urban poor in mega cities, women (often peacemakers), youth, and HIV/AIDS sufferers. While, finally, these organisations, including Pentecostal churches, may be led by “big men”, they nonetheless diversify and complicate the “big man” politics of ethnic difference that has rarely met such competition until now.