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34 results

Page 1 of 2

  • 32 - Innovation in Marine Mammals

  • from Part VI - Innovation and Problem-Solving
  • Edited by Allison B. Kaufman, University of Connecticut, Josep Call, University of St Andrews, Scotland, James C. Kaufman, University of Connecticut
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Animal Cognition
    Published online:
    01 July 2021
    Print publication:
    22 July 2021, pp 710-720

  • Summary

    In humans, creativity or innovation (researchers draw a distinction, but for our purposes the two terms will be used interchangeably) is often defined as the ability to create things that are both novel and appropriate (Sternberg, Kaufman, & Pretz, 2002). A dress can be beautifully designed and crafted, but if it isn’t task appropriate – for example, if it can’t be worn – many researchers would not call it creative.In animals, the same “novel and appropriate” standard can be used, but the terms take on very different meaning, in many cases playing directly into the survival of an individual or a species.Of all species, marine mammals are especially noted for their intelligence and innovation in both the wild and under human care, and their innovative abilities in a variety of situations will be briefly reviewed here.Subsequently, a novel way of measurement of these abilities based on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, a common test of creativity used in humans, will be presented.

The Cambridge Handbook of Animal Cognition
  • Edited by Allison B. Kaufman, Josep Call, James C. Kaufman
  • Published online:
    01 July 2021
    Print publication:
    22 July 2021
  • This handbook lays out the science behind how animals think, remember, create, calculate, and remember. It provides concise overviews on major areas of study such as animal communication and language, memory and recall, social cognition, social learning and teaching, numerical and quantitative abilities, as well as innovation and problem solving. The chapters also explore more nuanced topics in greater detail, showing how the research was conducted and how it can be used for further study. The authors range from academics working in renowned university departments to those from research institutions and practitioners in zoos. The volume encompasses a wide variety of species, ensuring the breadth of the field is explored.

  • 9 - Creativity

  • Edited by Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, New York, Wade E. Pickren, Ithaca College, New York
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Intellectual History of Psychology
    Published online:
    18 May 2019
    Print publication:
    16 May 2019, pp 250-266

  • Summary

    The way that we define and think about creativity today is rooted in a myriad of past theories and beliefs, dating back to ancient times. Over the years, our idea of creativity has gone from being the purview of the divine to a gift for a select few to a basic human characteristic. Modern creativity research has also evolved over time, from research primarily focusing on individual differences in creative ability to more dynamic and complex models of creativity, which focus on how personal and contextual factors interact to influence creativity across domains and at different levels. Changes in both the philosophy and science of creativity have reflected the concerns and visions of human agency and society that were dominant at a given time. This chapter explores how the philosophy and science of creativity have evolved over time within this socio-historical context.

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