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The study aims at testing the validity of two types of classification of male alcoholism in a Greek hospital treatment sample.
Method
The study population was drawn from male patients with alcohol dependence admitted to the Alcohol Treatment Unit of the Psychiatric Hospital of Attica. Seventy-three patients comprised the study sample after exclusion of subjects with alcohol dependence suffering from a comorbid serious medical condition, schizophrenic disorder, bipolar disorder, drug dependence or abuse, organic mental disorder or inability to read. The alcoholics were grouped in type I and II adopting the criterion of age-of-onset used by von Knorring et al. (1985). Impulsivity, suicide risk and violence risk were measured by means of the impulse control scale (ICS), the suicide risk scale (SRS) and the past feelings and acts of violence scale (PFAVS).
Results
Fifty patients with alcohol dependence were defined as late-onset and 23 as early-onset. Compared to late-onset patients, early-onset individuals with alcohol dependence had more familial alcoholism (P = 0.032); they were in a higher rate unmarried (P = 0.001), had no stable job before entry in the Unit (P = 0.007) and scored higher on ICS (P = 0.046) and SRS (P = 0.024).
Conclusion
The present study confirms type I/type II dichotomy of male alcoholism and also shows that the age-of-onset is a valid classification criterion.
El estudio pretende examinar la validez de dos tipos de clasificación del alcoholismo masculino en una muestra de tratamiento de un hospital griego.
Método.
La población de estudio se extrajo de los pacientes varones con dependencia de alcohol ingresados en la Unidad de Tratamiento del Alcohol del Hospital Psiquiátrico de Atica. La muestra del estudio constaba de 73 pacientes después de la exclusión de los sujetos con dependencia de alcohol que sufrían de una enfermedad médica comórbida grave, trastorno esquizofrénico, trastorno bipolar, dependencia o abuso de drogas, trastorno mental orgánico o que eran analfabetos. Se agrupó a los alcohólicos en tipo I y tipo II adop-tando el criterio de edad de comienzo utilizado por von Knorring y cois. (1985). Se midió la impulsividad, el riesgo de suicidio y el ries-go de violencia por medio de la Escala de Control de los Impulsos (ICS), la Escala de Riesgo de Suicidio (SRS) y la Escala de Sentimientos y Actos de Violencia Anteriores (PFAVS).
Resultados.
Se definió a 50 pacientes con dependencia de alcohol como de comienzo tardío y a 23 como de comienzo temprano. Com-parado con los pacientes de comienzo tardío, los individuos de comienzo temprano con dependencia de alcohol tenían más alcoholismo familiar (P = 0,032); una tasa más alta de ellos estaban solteros (P = 0,001), no tenían empleo estable antes de entrar en la unidad (P = 0,007) y puntuaban más alto en la ICS (P = 0,046) y la SRS (P = 0,024).
Conclusiones.
El presente estudio confirma la dicotomía tipo I/tipo II del alcoholismo masculino y muestra también que la edad de comienzo es un criterio de clasificación válido.
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